Pendampingan Terintegrasi Budidaya Kakao Berbasis Good Agricultural Practices dan Teknologi Tepat Guna Pascapanen dalam Meningkatkan Mutu dan Nilai Tambah Kakao serta Pendapatan Petani

Jusriadi Jusriadi; Mutmainah Mutmainah; Asgar Taiyeb; Sri Anjar Lasmini; Burhanuddin Nasir; Hasriyanty Hasriyanty

doi:10.36312/linov.v11i3.6561

Authors

Jusriadi Jusriadi Universitas Tadulako
Mutmainah Mutmainah Universitas Tadulako
Asgar Taiyeb Universitas Tadulako
Sri Anjar Lasmini Universitas Tadulako
Burhanuddin Nasir Universitas Tadulako
Hasriyanty Hasriyanty Universitas Tadulako

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.36312/linov.v11i3.6561

Keywords:

budidaya kakao, fermentasi kakao, Good Agricultural Practices, pascapanen, teknologi tepat guna

Abstract

Kelompok Tani Damai Abadi di Desa Salumpaku, Kabupaten Donggala, menghadapi permasalahan berupa penerapan Good Agricultural Practices (GAP) yang belum konsisten, pengendalian Penggerek Buah Kakao (PBK), pemanfaatan limbah kulit buah kakao yang belum optimal, keterbatasan penggunaan teknologi sederhana untuk membaca kondisi tanah, serta penanganan pascapanen khususnya fermentasi yang belum dilakukan secara rutin. Program pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan meningkatkan pengetahuan dan memberikan pengalaman praktik kepada petani dalam penerapan GAP dan teknologi pascapanen kakao. Kegiatan dilaksanakan pada Mei–Agustus 2026 melalui pendekatan partisipatif, edukatif, dan demonstratif berupa sosialisasi, pelatihan pembuatan pupuk organik berbahan kulit buah kakao, penggunaan soil analyzer dan soil moisture meter, praktik GAP, pengendalian PBK melalui sarungisasi, fermentasi biji kakao, dan pendampingan. Evaluasi pengetahuan dilakukan pada 25 peserta menggunakan 20 butir pertanyaan pretest–posttest dengan skor 0–100. Hasil pengukuran lapangan menunjukkan pH tanah rata-rata 6,8. Rerata skor pengetahuan meningkat dari 39,80±8,23 pada pretest menjadi 68,20±11,45 pada posttest, dengan kenaikan rata-rata 28,40±4,26 poin. Rerata N-gain sebesar 0,487 termasuk kategori sedang. Uji Wilcoxon signed-rank menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan antara skor pretest dan posttest (W=0; p<0,001), sedangkan paired-samples t-test sebagai analisis pendamping memberikan hasil yang konsisten (t(24)=33,316; p<0,001). Program ini menunjukkan peningkatan pengetahuan peserta dan memberikan pengalaman praktik awal dalam budidaya serta penanganan pascapanen kakao. Evaluasi lanjutan diperlukan untuk menilai adopsi teknologi, mutu biji, tingkat serangan PBK, produktivitas, harga jual, dan pendapatan petani..

Mentoring on Good Agricultural Practices-Based Cocoa Cultivation and Postharvest Technology for the Damai Abadi Farmer Group

Abstract

The Damai Abadi Farmer Group in Salumpaku Village, Donggala Regency, faces several constraints, including inconsistent implementation of Good Agricultural Practices (GAP), cocoa pod borer (CPB) management, underutilization of cocoa pod husk waste, limited use of simple technologies for assessing soil conditions, and inconsistent postharvest handling, particularly cocoa bean fermentation. This community service program aimed to improve farmers’ knowledge and provide practical experience in applying GAP and cocoa postharvest technologies. The program was conducted from May to August 2026 using participatory, educational, and demonstrative approaches consisting of socialization, training on organic fertilizer production from cocoa pod husks, the use of a soil analyzer and soil moisture meter, GAP field practices, CPB management through fruit bagging, cocoa bean fermentation, and mentoring. Knowledge evaluation was conducted among 25 participants using 20 pretest–posttest questions scored on a 0–100 scale. Field measurements showed an average soil pH of 6.8. The mean knowledge score increased from 39.80±8.23 at pretest to 68.20±11.45 at posttest, with an average gain of 28.40±4.26 points. The mean normalized gain (N-gain) was 0.487, indicating a moderate improvement. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test showed a significant difference between pretest and posttest scores (W=0; p<0.001), while the paired-samples t-test as a supplementary analysis yielded a consistent result (t(24)=33.316; p<0.001). The program was associated with improved participant knowledge and provided initial practical experience in cocoa cultivation and postharvest handling. Further evaluation is required to assess technology adoption, bean quality, CPB incidence, productivity, selling prices, and farmer income.

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