Pendekatan Integratif dalam Pengembangan dan Pemberdayaan Masyarakat untuk Pembangunan Berkelanjutan: A Literature Review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36312/j55z4d82Keywords:
Pengembangan Masyarakat, Pemberdayaan Masyarakat, Keberlanjutan, Agroforestri, Perhutanan Sosial, PartisipasiAbstract
Pengembangan dan pemberdayaan masyarakat merupakan strategi penting dalam mewujudkan pembangunan yang inklusif dan berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis konsep, prinsip, serta model implementasi pengembangan masyarakat berbasis potensi lokal yang mengintegrasikan aspek sosial, ekonomi, budaya, dan ekologi. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan studi literatur melalui analisis berbagai buku, artikel ilmiah, laporan kebijakan, dan hasil penelitian terkait pengembangan masyarakat. Analisis difokuskan pada berbagai pendekatan pemberdayaan, seperti pendekatan partisipatif, Asset-Based Community Development (ABCD), agroforestri, perhutanan sosial, ekowisata berbasis komunitas, serta transformasi digital desa. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa keberhasilan pemberdayaan masyarakat dipengaruhi oleh penguatan kelembagaan lokal, akses legal terhadap sumber daya, peningkatan kapasitas sosial dan digital masyarakat, serta keterlibatan kelompok perempuan, pemuda, dan masyarakat adat dalam proses pembangunan. Berbagai model implementasi tersebut terbukti mampu meningkatkan pendapatan masyarakat, memperkuat ketahanan sosial, serta menjaga keberlanjutan lingkungan. Namun demikian, beberapa tantangan struktural seperti konflik lahan, patronase politik, dan ketergantungan terhadap bantuan eksternal masih menjadi hambatan yang perlu diatasi melalui transparansi, partisipasi aktif masyarakat, serta pendampingan berkelanjutan. Oleh karena itu, pengembangan masyarakat berbasis partisipasi dan potensi lokal menjadi pendekatan strategis dalam menciptakan pembangunan yang mandiri, inklusif, dan berkelanjutan.
Community development and empowerment are important strategies for achieving inclusive and sustainable development. This study aims to analyze the concepts, principles, and implementation models of local potential-based community development that integrate social, economic, cultural, and ecological aspects. The method used is descriptive qualitative research with a literature study approach through analysis of various books, scientific articles, policy reports, and research findings related to community development. The analysis focuses on various empowerment approaches, such as participatory approaches, Asset-Based Community Development (ABCD), agroforestry, social forestry, community-based ecotourism, and village digital transformation. The results of the study indicate that the success of community empowerment is influenced by strengthening local institutions, legal access to resources, increasing community social and digital capacity, and the involvement of women's groups, youth, and indigenous communities in the development process. These various implementation models have been proven to increase community income, strengthen social resilience, and maintain environmental sustainability. However, several structural challenges such as land conflicts, political patronage, and dependence on external aid remain obstacles that need to be addressed through transparency, active community participation, and ongoing mentoring. Therefore, community development based on participation and local potential is a strategic approach in creating independent, inclusive, and sustainable development.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Febriana Tri Wulandari, Hasyyati Shabrina

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