Analisis Pendapatan Usahatani Padi Sawah Lahan Rawa Metode Tabela dengan Peningkatan IP (Studi Kasus di Kecamatan Nipah Panjang)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36312/a9hxkj61Keywords:
Padi Sawah; Tabela; Indeks Pertanaman; Pendapatan Usahatani; Lahan RawaAbstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis keragaan usahatani padi sawah lahan rawa dengan metode Tanam Benih Langsung (Tabela), mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi keputusan petani meningkatkan indeks pertanaman dari IP200 menjadi IP300, serta menguji perbedaan pendapatan antara kedua kelompok petani di Desa Simpang Datuk, Kecamatan Nipah Panjang, Kabupaten Tanjung Jabung Timur. Permasalahan utama penelitian adalah produktivitas dan pendapatan petani yang belum optimal, sementara sebagian besar petani masih bertahan pada pola tanam dua kali setahun meskipun tersedia peluang peningkatan menjadi tiga kali tanam. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode survei. Sampel berjumlah 60 petani yang dipilih menggunakan simple random sampling, terdiri atas 30 petani IP200 dan 30 petani IP300. Data dianalisis menggunakan statistik deskriptif, analisis pendapatan usahatani, regresi logistik biner, dan independent sample t-test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa metode Tabela mampu meningkatkan efisiensi budidaya melalui pengurangan kebutuhan tenaga kerja dan percepatan waktu tanam. Faktor yang berpengaruh signifikan terhadap keputusan petani menerapkan IP300 adalah luas lahan, modal usaha, pengalaman bertani, akses tata air, dan intensitas penyuluhan. Selain itu, terdapat perbedaan pendapatan yang signifikan antara petani IP200 dan IP300, di mana petani IP300 memperoleh pendapatan tahunan lebih tinggi. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa peningkatan indeks pertanaman melalui penerapan Tabela berpotensi menjadi strategi efektif dalam meningkatkan produksi padi, pendapatan petani, dan mendukung ketahanan pangan pada kawasan lahan rawa.
This study aims to analyze the performance of swamp rice farming using the Direct Seeding Method (Tabela), identify factors influencing farmers’ decisions to increase cropping intensity from IP200 to IP300, and examine income differences between the two farmer groups in Simpang Datuk Village, Nipah Panjang District, Tanjung Jabung Timur Regency. The main issue addressed in this study is the suboptimal productivity and income of farmers, while most farmers still maintain two planting seasons per year despite the opportunity to increase to three planting seasons. The study employed a quantitative approach with a survey method. A total of 60 farmers were selected through simple random sampling, consisting of 30 IP200 farmers and 30 IP300 farmers. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, farm income analysis, binary logistic regression, and independent sample t-test. The results indicate that the Tabela method improves farming efficiency by reducing labor requirements and shortening planting time. Significant factors affecting farmers’ decisions to adopt IP300 include land size, farming capital, farming experience, water management access, and extension intensity. Furthermore, there is a significant income difference between IP200 and IP300 farmers, where IP300 farmers earn higher annual income. This study concludes that increasing cropping intensity through Tabela implementation is a promising strategy to improve rice production, farmers’ income, and food security in swamp land areas.
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