Variasi Struktur Stomata Daun Kopi Arabika Komasti pada Jenis Penaung yang Berbeda
Authors
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Nabilah Rahmadhana
Universitas Negeri Surabaya
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Ahmad Bashri
Universitas Negeri Surabaya
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36312/jar.v5i3.6245Keywords:
Anatomi Daun, Karakteristik Epidermis, Kerapatan Stomata, Pertanian Berkelanjutan, Sistem Agroforestri.Abstract
Beberapa faktor yang mempengaruhi pertumbuhan dan produktivitas kopi adalah intensitas sinar matahari yang berhubungan dengan jenis naungan yang digunakan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi karakteristik struktur stomata daun kopi kultivar Komasti pada jenis penaung yang berbeda (pinus dan kaliandra) serta menentukan jenis penaung yang mendukung pertumbuhan stomata. Sampel daun diambil dari perkebunan rakyat di Desa Carangwulung, Kecamatan Wonosalam, Kabupaten Jombang, Jawa Timur. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan deskriptif eksploratif dengan parameter yang diamati meliputi tipe, ukuran (panjang, lebar, luas), jumlah, dan kerapatan stomata. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa stomata hanya ditemukan pada sisi abaksial daun (hipostomatus) dengan tipe parasitik, yang merupakan ciri khas famili Rubiaceae. Perbedaan jenis penaung berpengaruh terhadap ukuran dan kerapatan stomata; penaung kaliandra menghasilkan stomata lebih besar (rata-rata luas 3.324,36 µm²) dan kerapatan lebih tinggi (76,43 mm⁻²) dibandingkan penaung pinus (2.570,19 µm² dan 61,14 mm⁻²). Temuan ini memberikan kontribusi praktis bagi pengembangan budidaya kopi arabika berkelanjutan, khususnya dalam pemilihan jenis penaung yang sesuai untuk optimalisasi karakter stomata sebagai indikator adaptasi tanaman terhadap kondisi mikroiklim.
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