Analisis Pendapatan dan Strategi Pengembangan Usaha Lebah Tanpa Sengat (Trigona sp.) di Desa Taman Sari, Lombok Barat

Abstract

Budidaya lebah tanpa sengat (Trigona sp.) merupakan usaha hasil hutan bukan kayu yang berpotensi memperkuat pendapatan rumah tangga pedesaan, tetapi pengembangannya memerlukan informasi ekonomi yang dihubungkan dengan kondisi internal dan eksternal usaha. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pendapatan budidaya Trigona sp. dan merumuskan strategi pengembangan yang sesuai dengan kondisi kelompok peternak di Desa Taman Sari, Kecamatan Gunungsari, Kabupaten Lombok Barat. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada Maret-April 2026 dengan desain deskriptif kuantitatif yang didukung data kualitatif. Seluruh 20 peternak aktif dijadikan responden melalui metode sensus, sedangkan faktor strategis diidentifikasi melalui Focus Group Discussion dengan empat informan kunci. Analisis meliputi biaya, penerimaan, pendapatan, serta matriks IFAS-EFAS dan SWOT. Rata-rata biaya produksi sebesar Rp458.225 per peternak per tahun. Sebagian besar responden memiliki pekerjaan utama di luar budidaya lebah; pendapatan rata-rata mencapai Rp862.700 di Dusun Medas Bentaur dan Rp906.850 di Dusun Medas Munawarah per peternak per tahun, sehingga dalam konteks responden penelitian usaha ini berperan sebagai sumber pendapatan tambahan. Posisi SWOT berada pada Kuadran I dengan koordinat X=1,02 dan Y=0,42. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan skala produksi perlu disertai pengendalian biaya, standardisasi mutu, dan penguatan pemasaran. Kontribusi penelitian terutama bersifat empiris dan kontekstual dengan mengaitkan kinerja ekonomi dua kelompok peternak dengan diagnosis strategis pada lokasi yang sama.

Stingless bee (Trigona sp.) cultivation is a non-timber forest product enterprise with potential to strengthen rural household income, but its development requires economic information to be linked with the internal and external conditions of the business. This study analyzed farm income and formulated a context-specific development strategy for beekeeper groups in Taman Sari Village, Gunungsari District, West Lombok Regency. The study was conducted in March-April 2026 using a quantitative descriptive design supported by qualitative data. All 20 active beekeepers were included through a census, while strategic factors were identified through a focus group discussion involving four key informants. The analysis covered production costs, revenue, income, Internal Factor Analysis Summary, External Factor Analysis Summary, and SWOT. Average production cost was IDR 458,225 per beekeeper per year. Most respondents had primary occupations outside beekeeping; average annual income was IDR 862,700 in Medas Bentaur Hamlet and IDR 906,850 in Medas Munawarah Hamlet, indicating that the activity served as a supplementary income source in the study context. The SWOT position was in Quadrant I, with coordinates X=1.02 and Y=0.42. Production expansion should therefore be accompanied by cost control, product quality standardization, and stronger marketing. The study's contribution is primarily empirical and contextual, linking economic performance of two local beekeeper groups with strategic diagnosis in the same setting.