Efektivitas Neuromuscular Dynamic Warm-Up terhadap Penurunan Risiko Cedera Muskuloskeletal dan Peningkatan Performa Kebugaran pada Siswa Sekolah Dasar Jayapura
Authors
-
Abdul Bashir Nur Hasani
Universitas Cenderawasih
-
Muhammad Teguh Prasetyo
Universitas Cenderawasih
-
Swandika Pinem
Universitas Cenderawasih
-
Fachrun Nisa Sofiyah Khasanah
Universitas Cenderawasih
-
Muhammad Fitrah Mubarak
Universitas Cenderawasih
-
Pamungkas Yulian Effendi
Universitas Cenderawasih
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36312/dpe.v5i2.6858Keywords:
pemanasan dinamis neuromuskular, keseimbangan dinamis, risiko cedera muskuloskeletal, kebugaran jasmani, siswa sekolah dasarAbstract
Kesiapan neuromuskular yang kurang memadai berpotensi mengganggu kontrol gerak siswa sekolah dasar, sedangkan bukti penerapan pemanasan dinamis di Jayapura terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis perubahan keseimbangan dinamis sebagai indikator fungsional terkait risiko cedera muskuloskeletal dan performa kebugaran setelah program neuromuscular dynamic warm-up. Penelitian menggunakan desain praeksperimental satu kelompok prates–pascates tanpa kelompok kontrol dengan 30 siswa laki-laki kelas V yang dipilih secara purposif. Intervensi berlangsung 8–10 menit, dua kali seminggu selama enam minggu (12 pertemuan). Keseimbangan dinamis, fleksibilitas, daya ledak tungkai, dan daya tahan kardiorespirasi diukur menggunakan Y-Balance Test, sit-and-reach test, vertical jump test, dan PACER. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji t berpasangan. Skor Y-Balance kanan meningkat dari 78,53 menjadi 85,34 dan kiri dari 78,93 menjadi 85,61; fleksibilitas meningkat 1,51 cm dan lompatan vertikal 3,23 cm (seluruhnya p < 0,001). PACER tidak meningkat signifikan (p = 0,099). Program berasosiasi dengan peningkatan tiga komponen tersebut, tetapi penurunan kejadian cedera belum terbukti secara langsung.
References
Al Attar, W. S. A., Bizzini, M., Alzahrani, H., Alarifi, S., Ghulam, H., Alyami, M., Alzhrani, M., & Sanders, R. H. (2023). The FIFA 11+ Kids injury prevention program reduces injury rates among male children soccer players: A clustered randomized controlled trial. Sports Health, 15(3), 397–409. https://doi.org/10.1177/19417381221109224
Bogataj, Š., Pajek, M., Hadžić, V., Andrašić, S., Padulo, J., & Trajković, N. (2020). Validity, reliability, and usefulness of My Jump 2 app for measuring vertical jump in primary school children. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(10), Article 3708. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17103708
Ding, L., Luo, J., Smith, D. M., Mackey, M., Fu, H., Davis, M., & Hu, Y. (2022). Effectiveness of warm-up intervention programs to prevent sports injuries among children and adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(10), Article 6336. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19106336
Ding, L., Mackey, M., & Li, S. (2023). Efficacy of a neuromuscular warm-up program in reducing the risk of school sports injury among Chinese children: A cluster randomized controlled trial. Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine, 11(10), Article 23259671231201170. https://doi.org/10.1177/23259671231201170
Faigenbaum, A. D., Farrell, A., Fabiano, M., Radler, T., Naclerio, F., Ratamess, N. A., Kang, J., & Myer, G. D. (2011). Effects of integrative neuromuscular training on fitness performance in children. Pediatric Exercise Science, 23(4), 573–584. https://doi.org/10.1123/pes.23.4.573
Faigenbaum, A. D., Myer, G. D., Perez Fernandez, I., Gomez Carrasco, E., Bates, N., Farrell, A., Ratamess, N. A., & Kang, J. (2014). Feasibility and reliability of dynamic postural control measures in children in first through fifth grades. International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy, 9(2), 140–148. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4004119/
Fernandez-Agullo, R., & Merino-Marban, R. (2022). Effect of warm-up on fitness performance of schoolchildren. A systematic review. Polish Journal of Sport and Tourism, 29(1), 3–8. https://doi.org/10.2478/pjst-2022-0001
Hilska, M., Leppänen, M., Vasankari, T., Aaltonen, S., Kannus, P., Parkkari, J., Steffen, K., Kujala, U. M., Konttinen, N., Räisänen, A. M., & Pasanen, K. (2021). Neuromuscular training warm-up prevents acute noncontact lower extremity injuries in children's soccer: A cluster randomized controlled trial. Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine, 9(4), Article 23259671211005769. https://doi.org/10.1177/23259671211005769
Idham, Z., Neldi, H., Komaini, A., Sin, T. H., & Damrah, D. (2022). Pengaruh kebugaran jasmani, status gizi, dan motivasi belajar terhadap hasil belajar PJOK. Jurnal Basicedu, 6(3), 4078–4089. https://doi.org/10.31004/basicedu.v6i3.2196
Jimenez-Garcia, J. A., Miller, M. B., & DeMont, R. G. (2023). Effects of multicomponent injury prevention programs on children and adolescents' fundamental movement skills: A systematic review with meta-analyses. American Journal of Health Promotion, 37(5), 705–719. https://doi.org/10.1177/08901171221146434
Lin, J., Zhang, R., Shen, J., & Zhou, A. (2022). Effects of school-based neuromuscular training on fundamental movement skills and physical fitness in children: A systematic review. PeerJ, 10, Article e13726. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.13726
Lutz, D., van den Berg, C., Räisänen, A. M., Shill, I. J., Kim, J., Vaandering, K., Hayden, A., Pasanen, K., Schneider, K. J., Emery, C. A., & Owoeye, O. B. A. (2024). Best practices for the dissemination and implementation of neuromuscular training injury prevention warm-ups in youth team sport: A systematic review. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 58(11), 615–625. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2023-106906
Mayorga-Vega, D., Merino-Marban, R., & Viciana, J. (2014). Criterion-related validity of sit-and-reach tests for estimating hamstring and lumbar extensibility: A meta-analysis. Journal of Sports Science & Medicine, 13(1), 1–14. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3918544/
Nevill, A. M., Ramsbottom, R., Sandercock, G., Bocachica-González, C. E., Ramírez-Vélez, R., & Tomkinson, G. (2021). Developing a new curvilinear allometric model to improve the fit and validity of the 20-m shuttle run test as a predictor of cardiorespiratory fitness in adults and youth. Sports Medicine, 51(7), 1581–1589. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-020-01346-0
Plisky, P., Schwartkopf-Phifer, K., Huebner, B., Garner, M. B., & Bullock, G. (2021). Systematic review and meta-analysis of the Y-Balance Test Lower Quarter: Reliability, discriminant validity, and predictive validity. International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy, 16(5), 1190–1209. https://doi.org/10.26603/001c.27634
Ramos, A. P., de Mesquita, R. S., Migliorini, F., Maffulli, N., & Okubo, R. (2024). FIFA 11+ KIDS in the prevention of soccer injuries in children: A systematic review. Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research, 19(1), Article 413. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13018-024-04876-9
Rössler, R., Donath, L., Bizzini, M., & Faude, O. (2016). A new injury prevention programme for children's football – FIFA 11+ Kids – can improve motor performance: A cluster-randomised controlled trial. Journal of Sports Sciences, 34(6), 549–556. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2015.1099715
Rössler, R., Junge, A., Bizzini, M., Verhagen, E., Chomiak, J., aus der Fünten, K., Meyer, T., Dvorak, J., Lichtenstein, E., Beaudouin, F., & Faude, O. (2018). A multinational cluster randomised controlled trial to assess the efficacy of '11+ Kids': A warm-up programme to prevent injuries in children's football. Sports Medicine, 48(6), 1493–1504. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-017-0834-8
Schwiertz, G., Brueckner, D., Beurskens, R., & Muehlbauer, T. (2020). Lower Quarter Y Balance Test performance: Reference values for healthy youth aged 10 to 17 years. Gait & Posture, 80, 148–154. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2020.05.041
Sember, V., Grošelj, J., & Pajek, M. (2020). Balance tests in pre-adolescent children: Retest reliability, construct validity, and relative ability. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(15), Article 5474. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17155474
Tao, Z., Liu, Y., & Chen, Z. (2026). The acute effects of dynamic and static stretching during warm-up on muscle architecture and performance in children. Isokinetics and Exercise Science, 34(1), 69–79. https://doi.org/10.1177/09593020251370582
Tseng, W.-Y., Rekik, G., Chen, C.-H., Clemente, F. M., Bezerra, P., Crowley-McHattan, Z. J., & Chen, Y.-S. (2021). Effects of 8-week FIFA 11+ for Kids intervention on physical fitness and attention in elementary school children. Journal of Physical Activity & Health, 18(6), 686–693. https://doi.org/10.1123/jpah.2020-0823
van der Fels, I. M. J., Hartman, E., Bosker, R. J., de Greeff, J. W., de Bruijn, A. G. M., Meijer, A., Oosterlaan, J., Smith, J., & Visscher, C. (2020). Effects of aerobic exercise and cognitively engaging exercise on cardiorespiratory fitness and motor skills in primary school children: A cluster randomized controlled trial. Journal of Sports Sciences, 38(17), 1975–1983. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2020.1765464
Wan, K.-W., Dai, Z.-H., Wong, P.-S., Ho, R. S.-T., & Tam, B. T. (2025). Comparing the effects of integrative neuromuscular training and traditional physical fitness training on physical performance outcomes in young athletes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Sports Medicine - Open, 11(1), Article 15. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40798-025-00811-2
Wu, J., Yang, Y., Yu, H., Li, L., Chen, Y., & Sun, Y. (2023). Comparative effectiveness of school-based exercise interventions on physical fitness in children and adolescents: A systematic review and network meta-analysis. Frontiers in Public Health, 11, Article 1194779. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1194779
Yang, J., Wang, Y., Chen, J., Yang, J., Li, N., Wang, C., & Liao, Y. (2022). Effects of the "FIFA11+ Kids" program on injury prevention in children: A systematic review and meta-analysis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(19), Article 12044. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191912044
Zhang, F., Bi, C., Yin, X., Chen, Q., Li, Y., Liu, Y., Zhang, T., Li, M., Sun, Y., & Yang, X. (2021). Physical fitness reference standards for Chinese children and adolescents. Scientific Reports, 11(1), Article 4991. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-84634-7
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Abdul Bashir Nur Hasani, Muhammad Teguh Prasetyo, Swandika Pinem, Fachrun Nisa Sofiyah Khasanah, Muhammad Fitrah Mubarak, Pamungkas Yulian Effendi
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with Discourse of Physical Education (DPE) agree to the following terms:
- For all articles published in DPE, copyright is retained by the authors. Authors give permission to the publisher to announce the work under certain conditions. When the manuscript is accepted for publication, the authors agree to implement a non-exclusive transfer of publishing rights to the journal.
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal the right of first publication, with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors can enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) before and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
