Karakteristik Sifat Fisika dan Mekanika Kayu Jati Sumbawa Sebagai Bahan Konstruksi
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36312/ej.v4i1.1575Keywords:
Kayu Jati, Sifat Fisika, Mekanika, Sumbawa.Abstract
Kayu merupakan bagian penting dalam pembuatan konstruksi bangunan. Salah satu jenis kayu yang paling banyak digunakan adalah kayu jati. Jati (Tectona grandis L.f.) merupakan salah satu jenis kayu yang paling banyak diminati sejak dahulu dan memiliki harga jual yang tinggi karena memiliki corak yang unik dan elegan, kuat, awet, stabil, dan mudah dikerjakan. Kayu jati di Indonesia yang dikenal memiliki sifat dasar baik dan memiliki kualitas yang baik yaitu kayu jati yang berasal dari hutan produksi Perhutani yang berada di daerah Jawa. Namun, selain di pulau Jawa kayu jati juga terdapat di daerah lain seperti di Sumbawa Nusa Tenggara Barat yang sesuai untuk pertumbuhan jati karena memiliki musim kering tetap selama tujuh bulan. Sifat mekanika kayu merupakan sifat yang berhubungan dengan kekuatan kayu untuk menahan gaya luar yang bekerja pada kayu tersebut. Sifat ini penting untuk dijadikan sebagai bahan struktural seperti konstruksi bangunan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen yaitu suatu metode penelitian yang digunakan untuk mencari pengaruh variabel tertentu terhadap variabel yang lain. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) variasi aksial dengan 3 perlakuan dan 3 kali ulangan. Berdasarkan hasil analisisi diperoleh nilai rata-rata sifat fisika dan mekanika jati Sumbawa sebagai berikut: kadar air kering udara sebesar 16,09%: berat jenis kering udara 16,09; MoE sebesar 97.417,31 kg/cm2; MoR 809,27 kg/cm2. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian sifat fisika dan mekanika maka kayu Jati (Tectona grandis L.f.) Sumbawa termasuk dalam kelas kuat II-III yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan konstruksi bangunan, bahan baku mebel, kusen-kusen dan kerajinan kayu lainnya.
Characteristics of the Physical and Mechanical Properties of Sumbawa Teak Wood as a Construction Material
Abstract
Wood is an important part in building construction. One of the most widely used types of wood is teak wood. Teak (Tectona grandis L.f.) is a type of wood that has been in high demand for a long time and has a high selling price because it has a unique and elegant pattern, is strong, durable, stable and easy to work with. Teak wood in Indonesia which is known to have good basic properties and good quality is teak wood which comes from Perhutani production forests in the Java area. However, apart from the island of Java, teak wood is also found in other areas such as Sumbawa, West Nusa Tenggara, which is suitable for growing teak because it has a constant dry season of seven months. The mechanical properties of wood are properties related to the strength of wood to withstand external forces acting on the wood. This property is important for use as a structural material such as building construction. This research uses an experimental method, namely a research method used to find the influence of certain variables on other variables. The research design used was a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with axial variation with 3 treatments and 3 replications. Based on the results of the analysis, the average values ??for the physical and mechanical properties of Sumbawa teak were obtained as follows: air-dry water content of 16.09%: air-dry specific gravity of 16.09; MoE of 97,417.31 kg/cm2; MoR 809.27 kg/cm2. Based on the results of tests on physical and mechanical properties, Sumbawa teak (Tectona grandis L.f.) wood is included in the strength class II-III which can be used as building construction materials, raw materials for furniture, frames and other wooden crafts.
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