Peran Tri Hita Karana dalam Kehidupan Masyarakat dan Institusi: Kajian Komprehensif Berdasarkan Literatur
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36312/ej.v5i2.2370Keywords:
Tri Hita Karana, Harmoni Sosial, Kehidupan Masyarakat, Pembangunan InstitusiAbstract
Penelitian ini mengeksplorasi peran filosofi Tri Hita Karana (THK) sebagai kerangka kerja untuk menciptakan harmoni dalam kehidupan masyarakat dan institusi di Bali. Dengan menggunakan tinjauan pustaka sistematis berbasis pedoman PRISMA, penelitian ini menganalisis 30 artikel yang relevan dari tahun 2014 hingga 2024. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa THK memainkan peran signifikan dalam berbagai aspek kehidupan, termasuk hubungan spiritual dengan Tuhan (parhyangan), interaksi sosial (pawongan), dan pelestarian lingkungan (palemahan). Filosofi ini tidak hanya mendukung harmoni sosial dan budaya melalui kegiatan kolektif seperti gotong royong dan pelestarian adat, tetapi juga menjadi pedoman dalam praktik keberlanjutan lingkungan. Pada tingkat institusi, THK diadopsi dalam kebijakan pemerintah, pendidikan, dan pariwisata, menghasilkan keseimbangan antara pembangunan ekonomi, pelestarian budaya, dan konservasi lingkungan. Meski demikian, tantangan dalam implementasi THK mencakup tekanan globalisasi, individualisme, dan modernisasi yang dapat mereduksi nilai-nilai tradisional. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi dengan mengidentifikasi praktik terbaik dalam penerapan THK serta relevansinya dalam konteks global. Implikasi praktis dari penelitian ini mencakup pengembangan kebijakan berbasis THK, penguatan strategi pendidikan, dan model keberlanjutan institusi yang menekankan keterpaduan antara nilai tradisional dan inovasi modern. Hasil ini mempertegas bahwa THK bukan sekadar filosofi lokal, melainkan pendekatan universal yang relevan untuk mendukung pembangunan berkelanjutan dan harmoni sosial di era modern.
The Role of Tri Hita Karana in Community and Institutional Life: A Comprehensive Literature Review
Abstract
This study explores the role of the Tri Hita Karana (THK) philosophy as a framework for fostering harmony in community and institutional life in Bali. Using a systematic literature review guided by PRISMA protocols, the research analyzes 30 relevant articles published between 2014 and 2024. The findings demonstrate that THK plays a significant role across various aspects of life, including spiritual connections with God (parhyangan), social interactions (pawongan), and environmental preservation (palemahan). This philosophy not only promotes social and cultural harmony through collective activities such as communal work (gotong royong) and cultural preservation but also serves as a guideline for environmental sustainability practices. At the institutional level, THK is adopted in government policies, education, and tourism, creating a balance between economic development, cultural preservation, and environmental conservation. However, challenges in implementing THK include pressures from globalization, individualism, and modernization, which can erode traditional values. This study contributes by identifying best practices in applying THK and highlighting its relevance in a global context. The practical implications of this research include the development of THK-based policies, the strengthening of educational strategies, and institutional sustainability models that emphasize the integration of traditional values and modern innovation. These findings underscore that THK is not merely a local philosophy but a universal approach relevant to supporting sustainable development and social harmony in the modern era.
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