Hubungan Usia Anak, Berat Badan Lahir Rendah (BBLR) dan Stunting dengan Kejadian Tuberkulosis Paru pada Anak
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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara usia, berat badan lahir rendah (BBLR), dan stunting dengan kejadian tuberkulosis paru (TB paru) pada anak di Puskesmas Lambu, Kabupaten Bima, pada tahun 2023. Penelitian menggunakan desain deskriptif analitik dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Sampel terdiri dari 106 anak usia 0-18 tahun yang dipilih menggunakan teknik simple random sampling. Data diperoleh dari rekam medis dan dianalisis menggunakan uji Chi-Square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa usia 5-18 tahun merupakan kelompok usia dominan (54,7%), dengan mayoritas anak memiliki berat badan lahir normal (53,8%) dan tidak mengalami stunting (73,6%). Analisis bivariat menunjukkan tidak ada hubungan signifikan antara usia dan kejadian TB paru (p=1; OR=0). Namun, terdapat hubungan signifikan antara BBLR dan kejadian TB paru (p=0,026; OR=2,648), serta antara stunting dan kejadian TB paru (p=0,025; OR=3,110). Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah BBLR dan stunting meningkatkan risiko TB paru pada anak, sementara usia tidak memiliki hubungan signifikan. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi dasar untuk intervensi kesehatan anak di wilayah dengan prevalensi TB tinggi.
Relationship between Child Age, Low Birth Weight (LBW) and Stunting with the Incidence of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Children
Abstract
This study aims to analyze the relationship between age, low birth weight (LBW), and stunting with the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) in children at Lambu Community Health Center, Bima Regency, in 2023. The research employed a descriptive analytic design with a cross-sectional approach. The sample consisted of 106 children aged 0-18 years selected using a simple random sampling technique. Data were obtained from medical records and analyzed using the Chi-Square test. The results showed that the 5-18 year age group was the dominant category (54.7%), with the majority of children having normal birth weight (53.8%) and not experiencing stunting (73.6%). Bivariate analysis indicated no significant relationship between age and the incidence of pulmonary TB (p=1; OR=0). However, there was a significant relationship between LBW and pulmonary TB (p=0.026; OR=2.648), as well as between stunting and pulmonary TB (p=0.025; OR=3.110). The conclusion of this study is that LBW and stunting increase the risk of pulmonary TB in children, while age does not have a significant relationship. This research is expected to serve as a basis for child health interventions in areas with a high prevalence of TB.
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