Analisis Nilai Ekonomi Berbagai Pola Tanam dan Kontribusinya Terhadap Pendapatan Rumahtangga Petani Tanaman Pangan di Lahan Kering Kabupaten Lombok Tengah
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36312/ej.v6i2.3015Keywords:
Usahatani Lahan Kering, Kontribusi, Tanaman Pangan, Pola TanamAbstract
Kecamatan Pujut merupakan kecamatan dengan potensi lahan kering terluas di Kabupaten Lombok Tengah sekaligus menjadi sentra produksi pangan.Tujuan penelitian adalah menganalisis nilai ekonomi pola tanam usahatani lahan kering dan kontribusinya terhadap pendapatan dan kesejahteraan petani lahan kering di Kecamatan Pujut-Kabupaten Lombok Tengah. Jenis penelitian adalah deskriptif dan pengumpulan data dengan teknik survey. Lokasi penelitian di Desa Sengkol, dan Desa Kawo (Kecamatan Pujut) yang ditentukan secara purposive sampling karena potensi pertanian lahan perrtanian tergolong luas, dan petani responden 45 orang. Analisis data menggunakan analisis biaya dan pendapatan serta kontribusi ekonomi usahatani terhadap pendapatan rumahtangga petani. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tiga pola tanam usahatani lahan kering di Kabupaten Lombok Tengah, yaitu: I.padi-semangka-bera; II.padi-melon-bera dan III.padi-jagung-bera. Pendapatan pola tanam I, II, dan III secara berurutan sebesar Rp.35.050.243,6/ha; Rp.45.568.976,26/ha dan Rp.33.346.667,88/ha. Rata-rata pendapatan usahatani tersebut sebesar Rp. 10.466.717,91/tahun atau berkontribusi sebesar 47,83% terhadap total pendapatan rumah tangga petani. Pendapatan usahatani lahan kering menghasilkan pendapatan per kapita Rp 2.616.679,48/kapita/tahun atau setara beras 200,73 kg/kapita/tahun (tergolong sangat miskin); sedangkan berdasarkan pendapatan total rumahtangga menghasilkan pendapatan per kapita sebesar Rp 5.470.346,15/kapita/tahun yang setara beras 419,63 kg/kapita/ tahun (tergolong miskin), namun kegiatan di luar usahatani tanaman pangan meningkatkan pendapatan per kapita sebesar 109,05 % dan mendekati standar sejahtera.
Analysis of the Economic Value of Various Cropping Patterns and Their Contribution to the Income of Food Crop Farmers in Dry Land in Central Lombok District
Abstract
Pujut District is a district with the largest dry land potential in Central Lombok Regency and is also a center for food production. The purpose of this study was to analyze the economic value of dry land farming patterns and their contribution to the income and welfare of dry land farmers in Pujut District, Central Lombok Regency. The type of research is descriptive and data collection using survey techniques. The location of the study was in Sengkol Village and Kawo Village (Pujut District) which were determined by purposive sampling because the potential for agricultural land is relatively large, and there were 45 respondent farmers. Data analysis used cost and income analysis and the economic contribution of farming to farmer household income. The results of the study showed three dry land farming patterns in Central Lombok Regency, namely: I. rice-watermelon-fallow; II. rice-melon-fallow and III. rice-corn-fallow. The income of planting patterns I, II, and III respectively was Rp. 35,050,243.6/ha; Rp.45,568,976.26/ha and Rp.33,346,667.88/ha. The average income of the farming business is Rp. 10,466,717.91/year or contributes 47.83% to the total income of farmer households. The income of dry land farming business generates a per capita income of Rp. 2,616,679.48/capita/ year or equivalent to 200.73 kg of rice/capita/year (categorized as very poor); while based on total household income, it generates a per capita income of Rp. 5,470,346.15/ capita/year which is equivalent to 419.63 kg of rice/capita/year (categorized as poor), but activities outside of food crop farming increase per capita income by 109.05% and approach the welfare standard.
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