Rekonstruksi Kebijakan Perhutanan Sosial dalam Pengelolaan Hutan
Downloads
How to Cite
Kebijakan perhutanan sosial di Indonesia belum sepenuhnya mampu mewujudkan keadilan ekologis dan kesejahteraan masyarakat sekitar hutan. Permasalahan utamanya terletak pada lemahnya pengakuan hak kelola masyarakat, tumpang tindih regulasi, serta pendekatan yang masih bersifat top-down dan administratif. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji kelemahan tersebut dan menawarkan model rekonstruksi kebijakan yang lebih adil dan berkelanjutan. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan konseptual. Analisis dilakukan terhadap regulasi kehutanan dan agraria, serta literatur tentang tata kelola hutan berbasis masyarakat dengan pedekatan kasus di Wilayah Kerja Ampang Plampang Kabupaten Sumbawa. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa kebijakan perlu direkonstruksi melalui penguatan hak kelola, revitalisasi kelembagaan lokal berbasis budaya, integrasi teknologi digital untuk transparansi, serta akses yang adil terhadap nilai ekonomi hutan. Novelty artikel ini terletak pada desain integratif yang mereposisi masyarakat sebagai aktor utama dalam tata kelola hutan, sehingga menciptakan hubungan yang berkeadilan antara negara, masyarakat, dan alam. Temuan ini relevan untuk memperkuat kebijakan nasional maupun daerah dengan menempatkan masyarakat sebagai mitra strategis dalam tata kelola hutan yang inklusif.
Reconstructing Social Forestry Policy in Forest Management
Abstract
Social forestry policy in Indonesia has not yet fully succeeded in realizing ecological justice and the welfare of forest-adjacent communities. The main problems lie in the weak recognition of community management rights, overlapping regulations, and the predominance of a top-down and administrative approach. This study aims to examine these weaknesses and propose a more just and sustainable model of policy reconstruction. The method employed is normative legal research with legislative and conceptual approaches. The analysis focuses on forestry and agrarian regulations, as well as literature on community-based forest governance, with a case study approach in the Working Area of Ampang Plampang, Sumbawa Regency. The findings indicate that the policy needs to be reconstructed through the strengthening of management rights, revitalization of culture-based local institutions, integration of digital technology for transparency, and equitable access to the economic value of forests. The novelty of this article lies in its integrative design that repositions communities as the main actors in forest governance, thereby creating a just relationship between the state, society, and nature. These findings are relevant for strengthening both national and regional policies by positioning communities as strategic partners in inclusive forest governance.
Agrawal, A., & Gibson, C. C. (1999). Enchantment and Disenchantment: The Role of Community in Natural Resource Conservation. World Development, 27(4), 629–649.
CIFOR. (2020). Tenure Reform and Customary Forest Management in Indonesia. Bogor: Center for International Forestry Research.
Fitriani, Y. (2021). Tumpang Tindih Kewenangan dalam Implementasi Perhutanan Sosial. Jurnal Hukum dan Kebijakan Kehutanan, 12(1), 45–59.
Forest Watch Indonesia. (2021). Potret Keberhasilan dan Kegagalan Perhutanan Sosial di Indonesia. Bogor: FWI.
Ibrahim, Johnny. (2006). Teori dan Metodologi Penelitian Hukum Normatif. Malang: Bayumedia Publishing.
Ibrahim, Johnny. Teori dan Metodologi Penelitian Hukum Normatif. Malang: Bayumedia, 2006.
Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan. (2023). Data Capaian Perhutanan Sosial Nasional. Jakarta: Ditjen PSKL.
Komnas HAM. (2022). Laporan Tahunan Pengakuan Wilayah Adat dan Hak Masyarakat Adat. Jakarta: Komnas HAM RI.
Marzuki, Peter Mahmud. (2005). Penelitian Hukum. Jakarta: Kencana.
Marzuki, Peter Mahmud. Penelitian Hukum. Jakarta: Kencana Prenada Media Group, 2005.
Ostrom, Elinor. (1990). Governing the Commons: The Evolution of Institutions for Collective Action. Cambridge University Press.
Peraturan Menteri Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan Nomor 9 Tahun 2021 tentang Perhutanan Sosial.
Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 23 Tahun 2021 tentang Penyelenggaraan Kehutanan.
Schlosberg, D. (2007). Defining Environmental Justice: Theories, Movements, and Nature. Oxford University Press.
Soekanto, Soerjono. (2006). Pengantar Penelitian Hukum. Jakarta: UI Press.
Soekanto, Soerjono. Pengantar Penelitian Hukum. Jakarta: UI Press, 2006.
Toha, M., Susanto, R., & Lestari, S. (2023). Dampak Perhutanan Sosial terhadap Kesejahteraan Masyarakat Sekitar Hutan di Kota Tarakan. Jurnal Ilmu Kehutanan, 17(2), 123–135.
Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2020 tentang Cipta Kerja.
Undang-Undang Nomor 41 Tahun 1999 tentang Kehutanan.
Undang-Undang Nomor 5 Tahun 1960 tentang Pokok-Pokok Agraria.
Yopita Sari, A., et al. (2019). Efektivitas Program Perhutanan Sosial dalam Bentuk Hutan Kemasyarakatan di Desa Tanjung Alam. Jurnal Pembangunan Desa dan Kehutanan, 7(1), 77–88.
Copyright (c) 2025 Supriyadi Supriyadi, Geatriana Dewi, Nurmadiah Nurmadiah, Miqram Satria
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with Empiricism Journal agree to the following terms:
- For all articles published in Empiricism Journal, copyright is retained by the authors. Authors give permission to the publisher to announce the work with conditions. When the manuscript is accepted for publication, the authors agrees to implement a non-exclusive transfer of publishing rights to the journals.
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
