Rancang Bangun Alat Monitoring Kelembaban dan Keasaman Tanah Berbasis Arduino Uno
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Kelembaban dan tingkat keasaman (pH) tanah merupakan faktor penting yang menentukan ketersediaan unsur hara, pertumbuhan tanaman, dan hasil panen. Namun, sebagian besar petani di Indonesia masih melakukan pemantauan kondisi tanah secara manual dan subjektif, sehingga berpotensi menyebabkan ketidaksesuaian perlakuan lahan dan penurunan produktivitas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang dan membangun alat monitoring kelembaban dan keasaman tanah berbasis Arduino Uno sebagai solusi praktis dan efisien bagi petani. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan eksperimental dengan perancangan prototipe yang memadukan sensor soil moisture dan sensor pH tanah yang diintegrasikan ke mikrokontroler Arduino Uno dan ditampilkan melalui LCD 16x2 I2C. Pengujian dilakukan pada tiga jenis tanah berbeda (lempung, berpasir, dan humus) dengan lima kali pengulangan pengukuran pada masing-masing sampel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rata-rata tingkat akurasi sensor kelembaban mencapai 96,2% dan sensor pH mencapai 94,7% dibandingkan dengan alat ukur standar laboratorium. Sistem ini mampu memberikan pembacaan data secara real-time dengan tingkat kestabilan tinggi (deviasi <5%). Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa alat monitoring berbasis Arduino Uno efektif untuk membantu petani menentukan kondisi tanah ideal bagi pertumbuhan tanaman, serta berpotensi dikembangkan lebih lanjut menuju sistem pertanian berbasis Internet of Things (IoT) yang adaptif dan presisi.
Design and Development of an Arduino Uno–Based Soil Moisture and Acidity Monitoring Device
Abstract
Soil moisture and acidity (pH) are crucial factors that determine nutrient availability, plant growth, and crop yield. However, most farmers in Indonesia still monitor soil conditions manually and subjectively, which may lead to improper land management and reduced productivity. This study aims to design and develop an Arduino Uno–based soil moisture and acidity monitoring device as a practical and efficient solution for farmers. The research employs an experimental approach with a prototype design that integrates a soil moisture sensor and a soil pH sensor into an Arduino Uno microcontroller, with data displayed via a 16x2 I2C LCD. Testing was conducted on three different soil types (clay, sandy, and humus) with five measurement repetitions for each sample. The results show that the soil moisture sensor achieved an average accuracy of 96.2%, while the pH sensor reached 94.7% when compared to standard laboratory instruments. The system is capable of providing real-time data readings with high stability (deviation <5%). These findings indicate that the Arduino Uno–based monitoring device is effective in assisting farmers to determine the optimal soil conditions for plant growth and has the potential to be further developed into an adaptive and precise Internet of Things (IoT)–based agricultural system.
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