Analisis Multidimensional Faktor Determinan Pemulihan Fisik dan Psikologis Atlet Pasca Cedera Melalui Program Rehabilitasi
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Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan dan menguji model multidimensional pemulihan atlet pasca cedera melalui pendekatan biopsikososial yang mengintegrasikan faktor fisik, psikologis, dan sosial dalam konteks rehabilitasi olahraga di Indonesia. Urgensi penelitian terletak pada belum adanya model komprehensif berbasis data empiris lokal yang menjelaskan interaksi antara dukungan sosial, motivasi intrinsik, dan adaptasi fisiologis terhadap percepatan pemulihan. Desain penelitian menggunakan mixed methods sekuensial-eksploratori, diawali tahap kualitatif (n=15 informan: fisioterapis, pelatih, dan atlet) untuk mengidentifikasi indikator utama, diikuti survei kuantitatif terhadap 100 atlet cedera dari berbagai cabang olahraga. Instrumen mencakup kuesioner pemulihan fisik (ROM, pain scale), skala motivasi intrinsik, dan dukungan sosial (MSPSS). Analisis regresi linear berganda menunjukkan dukungan sosial (?=0,41; p<0,01) dan motivasi intrinsik (?=0,35; p<0,05) berkontribusi signifikan terhadap percepatan pemulihan (R²=0,47; CI 95%). Analisis tematik kualitatif mengungkap tiga tema utama: (1) pentingnya komunikasi terapeutik, (2) makna psikologis cedera, dan (3) adaptasi strategi latihan individual. Integrasi data menunjukkan konvergensi kuat antara persepsi dukungan sosial dan peningkatan kecepatan pemulihan subjektif. Secara praktis, penelitian merekomendasikan penerapan screening psikologis rutin dan return-to-sport readiness scale sebelum progresi beban latihan. Keterbatasan mencakup desain non-eksperimental dan variasi tingkat cedera antar cabang olahraga.
Multidimensional AnalysisDeterminants of Physical and Psychological Recovery of Athletes After Injury ThroughRehabilitation Programs
Abstract
This study aims to develop and test a multidimensional model of athlete recovery after injury through a biopsychosocial approach that integrates physical, psychological, and social factors in the context of sports rehabilitation in Indonesia. The urgency of this study lies in the absence of a comprehensive model based on local empirical data that explains the interaction between social support, intrinsic motivation, and physiological adaptation to accelerate recovery. The research design uses sequential-exploratory mixed methods, beginning with a qualitative stage (n=15 informants: physiotherapists, coaches, and athletes) to identify key indicators, followed by a quantitative survey of 100 injured athletes from various sports. The instruments included a physical recovery questionnaire (ROM, pain scale), an intrinsic motivation scale, and a social support scale (MSPSS). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that social support (?=0.41; p<0.01) and intrinsic motivation (?=0.35; p<0.05) contributed significantly to accelerated recovery (R²=0.47; CI 95%). Qualitative thematic analysis revealed three main themes: (1) the importance of therapeutic communication, (2) the psychological meaning of injury, and (3) adaptation of individual exercise strategies. Data integration showed strong convergence between perceptions of social support and increased subjective recovery speed. Practically, the study recommends the implementation of routine psychological screening and a return-to-sport readiness scale before exercise load progression. Limitations include the non-experimental design and variations in injury severity across sports.
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