Peran Olahraga Rekreasi dalam Pembentukan Gaya Hidup Aktif dan Pencegahan Penyakit Tidak Menular
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36312/ej.v6i4.3773Keywords:
Olahraga Rekreasi, Gaya Hidup Aktif, Penyakit Tidak Menular, Kesehatan MasyarakatAbstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis peran olahraga rekreasi dalam pembentukan gaya hidup aktif dan pencegahan penyakit tidak menular (PTM) melalui kajian literatur ilmiah terbit tahun 2020–2025. Berbeda dengan kajian yang umumnya membahas aktivitas fisik secara umum, studi ini secara khusus menyoroti olahraga rekreasi sebagai aktivitas waktu luang yang memadukan dimensi fisik, mental, sosial, dan konteks kebijakan, sehingga lebih relevan bagi negara berpendapatan menengah seperti Indonesia. Metode yang digunakan adalah systematic literature review dengan panduan PRISMA, melalui tahap identifikasi, penyaringan, penilaian kelayakan, dan inklusi. Pencarian artikel dilakukan pada basis data internasional dengan kriteria inklusi: terbit 2020–2025, peer-reviewed, berbahasa Inggris, populasi remaja/dewasa, dan membahas hubungan olahraga rekreasi atau aktivitas fisik waktu luang dengan gaya hidup aktif, PTM, atau indikator terkait. Sebanyak sepuluh artikel memenuhi kriteria dan dianalisis secara naratif tematik. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa olahraga rekreasi memberikan manfaat multidimensional. Secara fisik, aktivitas rekreasi meningkatkan kebugaran kardiorespirasi, kekuatan otot, komposisi tubuh, serta menurunkan risiko penyakit kronis seperti penyakit jantung, diabetes, dan kanker. Secara psikologis, olahraga di alam terbuka dan olahraga tim menurunkan stres dan kecemasan serta meningkatkan kesejahteraan mental. Secara sosial, olahraga rekreasi memperkuat interaksi dan kohesi komunitas yang menopang keberlanjutan gaya hidup aktif. Efektivitasnya bergantung pada dukungan kebijakan publik, ketersediaan fasilitas yang aman dan terjangkau, serta penguatan program komunitas. Dengan demikian, olahraga rekreasi berpotensi besar sebagai strategi promosi kesehatan yang berkelanjutan untuk membangun masyarakat yang aktif, sehat, dan tangguh terhadap PTM.
The Role of Recreational Sports in Shaping an Active Lifestyle and Preventing Non-Communicable Diseases
Abstract
This study aims to analyze the role of recreational sports in shaping an active lifestyle and preventing non-communicable diseases (NCDs) through a review of scientific literature published between 2020 and 2025. Unlike studies that generally discuss physical activity in general, this study specifically highlights recreational sports as leisure activities that combine physical, mental, and social dimensions as well as policy contexts, making it more relevant to middle-income countries such as Indonesia. The method used is a systematic literature review guided by PRISMA, through the stages of identification, screening, eligibility assessment, and inclusion. The article search was conducted in international databases with the following inclusion criteria: published between 2020 and 2025, peer-reviewed, in English, adolescent/adult population, and discussing the relationship between recreational sports or leisure-time physical activity and active lifestyles, NCDs, or related indicators. A total of ten articles met the criteria and were analyzed using thematic narrative analysis. The results showed that recreational sports provide multidimensional benefits. Physically, recreational activities improve cardiorespiratory fitness, muscle strength, body composition, and reduce the risk of chronic diseases such as heart disease, diabetes, and cancer. Psychologically, outdoor sports and team sports reduce stress and anxiety and improve mental well-being. Socially, recreational sports strengthen community interaction and cohesion, which supports the sustainability of an active lifestyle. Its effectiveness depends on public policy support, the availability of safe and affordable facilities, and the strengthening of community programs. Thus, recreational sports have great potential as a sustainable health promotion strategy for building an active, healthy, and resilient community against NCDs.
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