Tren dan Perkembangan Olahraga Rekreasi di Era Digital: Sebuah Kajian Literatur
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Era digital, intervensi kesehatan digital, mulai dari pemantauan mandiri via pengukur aktivitas hingga pendampingan jarak jauh, terbukti efektif meningkatkan aktivitas fisik. Penelitian ini merupakan kajian sistematik literatur yang bertujuan menelaah secara kritis tren dan perkembangan olahraga rekreasi di era digital serta dampaknya terhadap kesehatan mental dan kualitas hidup masyarakat. Melalui penelusuran pada basis data PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, DOAJ, dan Google Scholar terhadap artikel terbitan 2020–2025, diperoleh 15 studi relevan yang dianalisis secara tematik. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan teknologi digital seperti exergames, aplikasi kebugaran, wearable devices, telerehabilitasi, dan jejaring sosial mampu meningkatkan keterlibatan masyarakat dalam aktivitas fisik, menurunkan stres dan kecemasan, serta memperkuat kesejahteraan psikologis. Meskipun demikian, literatur sebelumnya masih menyisakan kesenjangan penelitian dalam memahami keberlanjutan partisipasi dan mekanisme perubahan perilaku aktif jangka panjang, terutama terkait integrasi teori psikologi olahraga dan perilaku digital. Kajian ini berupaya mengisi celah tersebut dengan melakukan sintesis lintas dimensi antara inovasi teknologi, motivasi intrinsik, dan konteks sosial untuk menjelaskan bagaimana digitalisasi dapat membentuk perilaku aktif yang berkelanjutan. Dalam konteks Indonesia, hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa program berbasis komunitas dan platform digital lokal berperan penting dalam memperluas akses olahraga dan memperkuat partisipasi masyarakat. Secara keseluruhan, penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi kebaruan konseptual dengan memposisikan olahraga rekreasi berbasis teknologi sebagai pendekatan nonfarmakologis yang inklusif, adaptif, dan berkelanjutan dalam promosi kesehatan publik di era digital, sembari menyoroti tantangan kesenjangan digital dan literasi teknologi yang masih perlu diatasi.
Trends and Developments in Recreational Sports in the Digital Age: A Systematic Literature Review
Abstract
The digital era and digital health interventions, ranging from self-monitoringvia activity trackers to remote coaching, have been proven effectivein increasing physical activity. This study is a systematic reviewof the literature that aims to critically examine trends and developments in recreational sportsin the digital era and their impact on mental health and quality oflife. Through a search of the PubMed, Scopus,ScienceDirect, DOAJ, and Google Scholar databases for articles published between 2020 and 2025,15 relevant studies were obtained and analyzed thematically. The results of the studyshow that the application of digital technologies such as exergames, fitness applications, wearable devices, telerehabilitation, and social networks canincrease community involvement in physical activity, reduce stressand anxiety, and strengthen psychological well-being. However, previous literature still leaves a research gap in understandingthe sustainability of participation and the mechanisms of long-term active behavior change, especially regarding the integration of sports psychology and digital behavior theory. This study attempts to fill this gap by synthesizingcross-dimensional aspects of technological innovation, intrinsic motivation, and social contextto explain how digitization can shape sustainable active behavior. In the Indonesian context, the results show thatcommunity-based programs and local digital platforms play an important role inexpanding access to sports and strengthening community participation. Overall, this study contributes a conceptual novelty bypositioning technology-based recreational sports as an inclusive, adaptive, and sustainable non-pharmacological approachto public health promotionin the digital age, while highlighting the challenges of the digital divideand technological literacy that still need to be overcome.
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