Rancang Bangun Alat Penyiraman Cabai dalam Sistem Irigasi Berbasis IoT
Downloads
How to Cite
Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh rendahnya produktivitas cabai (Capsicum annum L.) di Indonesia akibat sistem irigasi yang masih dilakukan secara manual dan kurang efisien. Kondisi tersebut menimbulkan kebutuhan akan inovasi teknologi yang dapat mengotomatisasi proses penyiraman untuk meningkatkan efisiensi dan mengurangi ketergantungan pada tenaga manusia. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang dan membangun alat penyiraman cabai berbasis Internet of Things (IoT) menggunakan metode prototyping. Sistem yang dikembangkan terdiri atas mikrokontroler ESP32 sebagai pusat kendali, motor DC gearbox untuk pergerakan, relay sebagai pengendali aliran listrik, dan pompa air celup 12V sebagai penyiram utama yang dioperasikan melalui aplikasi Blynk IoT pada smartphone. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa alat dapat bergerak ke berbagai arah dan melakukan penyiraman secara otomatis, meskipun debit air masih terbatas akibat keterbatasan daya. Implikasi dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penerapan IoT pada sistem irigasi mampu meningkatkan efisiensi waktu, tenaga, dan produktivitas dalam budidaya cabai, serta menjadi solusi alternatif terhadap permasalahan irigasi manual yang selama ini menjadi kendala utama petani.
Design and Construction of a Chili Watering Device in an Iot-Based Irrigation System
Abstract
This study was motivated by the low productivity of chili (Capsicum annum L.) in Indonesia, which is largely caused by inefficient and manually operated irrigation systems. This condition highlights the need for technological innovation to automate the watering process, thereby improving efficiency and reducing reliance on human labor. Therefore, this research aims to design and develop an IoT-based chili watering device using the prototyping method. The system utilizes an ESP32 microcontroller as the control center, a DC gearbox motor for movement, a relay for power control, and a 12V submersible pump as the main watering mechanism, all operated through the Blynk IoT smartphone application. The test results indicate that the device can move in multiple directions and perform watering automatically, although water flow remains limited due to power constraints. The implications of this study demonstrate that the application of IoT in irrigation systems can enhance time efficiency, reduce labor dependency, and improve productivity in chili cultivation, offering an effective solution to the limitations of conventional manual irrigation.
Alamsyah, H. (2021). Sistem pakar menggunakan metode certainty factor untuk mendiagnosa hama dan penyakit pada tanaman cabai. Respati, 16(2), 38. https://doi.org/10.35842/jtir.v16i2.399
Alfathan, R. (2023). Redesain Alat Pres Tahu Dengan Menggunakan Metode Quality Function Deployment ( Qfd ) Di Ukm Tahu Desa Suka Ramai Binjai. 1–51.
Aminah, A., Syam, N., & Palad, M. (2022). Respon pertumbuhan dan produksi cabai rawit (capsicum frutescens l.) terhadap aplikasi pupuk kandang ayam dan pupuk kandang sapi. Perbal Jurnal Pertanian Berkelanjutan, 10(2), 220-227. https://doi.org/10.30605/perbal.v10i2.1816
Anugrah, E., Hasbi, M., & Lukman, M. P. (2021). Penerapan Sistem Monitoring Dan Kendali Pintar Untuk Tanaman Terung Berbasis Internet of Things Dengan Metode Penyiraman Irigasi Tetes. Jurnal RESISTOR (Rekayasa Sistem Komputer), 4(2), 204–212. https://doi.org/10.31598/jurnalresistor.v4i2.669
Arjudin. (2021). Analisis Pola Pengairan Irigasi Permukaan Untuk Meningkatkan Produktivitas Pertanian Di Desa Sesaot Lombok Barat. Pharmacognosy Magazine, 75(17), 399–405.
Aziz, J. A., Santosa, S. & Hamid, M. (2024). Rancang Bangun Sistem Monitoring Penyiraman Tanaman Cabai Berbasis Iot Menggunakan Esp32 Dan Blynk Pada Kebun Cabai Kelurahan Kalumpang. DINTEK Jurnal Teknik, 59–68.
Darajat, A. R., Nurrochmad, F., & Jayadi, R. (2017). Analisis Efisiensi Saluran Irigasi Di Daerah Irigasi Boro Kabupaten Purworejo, Provinsi Jawa Tengah. INERSIA Lnformasi Dan Ekspose Hasil Riset Teknik Sipil Dan Arsitektur, 13(2), 154–166. https://doi.org/10.21831/inersia.v13i2.17178
Fernández-Zambrano, L., Corozo-Quiñónez, L., Monteros, Á., Arteaga, F., & Jaimez, R. (2022). Morphological and physiological responses of two species of capsicum (capsicum annuum l. and capsicum chinense jacq.) under conditions of water deficit. Revista De La Facultad De Agronomía Universidad Del Zulia, 39(1), e223912. https://doi.org/10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v39.n1.12
Hamjaya, R., Rukmana, D., & Lumoindong, Y. (2022). Analisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi nilai tukar petani tanaman hortikultura di sulawesi selatan. Agricore Jurnal Agribisnis Dan Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian Unpad, 7(1). https://doi.org/10.24198/agricore.v7i1.39467
Jumaguni, N., Handayani, M., & Setiadi, A. (2024). Analisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pendapatan usahatani cabai merah di kecamatan siborongborong kabupaten tapanuli utara. Mimbar Agribisnis Jurnal Pemikiran Masyarakat Ilmiah Berwawasan Agribisnis, 10(1), 38. https://doi.org/10.25157/ma.v10i1.11342
Kakihary, N. L. (2021). Pieces Framework for Analysis of User Saticfaction Internet of Things-Based Devices. Journal of Information Systems and Informatics, 3(2), 243–252. https://doi.org/10.33557/journalisi.v3i2.119
Kalpana, C. and Vrinda, K. (2023). Comparative study on morphological characteristics, ethno botanical and ethno pharmacological importance of capsicum annuum l. var. annuum and capsicum annuum l. var. frutescens. Agricultural Science Digest - A Research Journal, (Of). https://doi.org/10.18805/ag.d-5650
Kumar, D., Ranjan, A., Sharma, M., Kumar, S., Awasthi, V., Kumari, A., … & abhijeet, K. (2025). Enhancing capsicum production and water efficiency through drip irrigation in rooftop gardens. Journal of Scientific Research and Reports, 31(10), 313-321. https://doi.org/10.9734/jsrr/2025/v31i103573
Kusmana, n., Kusandriani, Y., & Djuariah, D. (2018). Uji daya hasil tujuh genotipe cabai rawit pada ekosistem dataran tinggi pangalengan, jawa barat. Jurnal Hortikultura, 27(2), 147. https://doi.org/10.21082/jhort.v27n2.2017.p147-154
Laulina, K., Hasan, M., & Singh, D. (2019). Response of different colour plastic mulches on water dynamics under drip fertigated greenhouse capsicum (capsicum annuum). The Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 89(3), 469-474. https://doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v89i3.87591
Mediawan, M. (2018). Sistem Penyiram Tanaman Otomatis Berbasis Arduino Pada Rumah Tanaman. NASPA Journal, 42(4), 1.
Moekasan, T., Gunadi, N., Adiyoga, W., & Sulastrini, I. (2016). Kelayakan teknis dan ekonomi budidaya cabai merah di dalam rumah kasa untuk menanggulangi serangan organisme pengganggu tumbuhan. Jurnal Hortikultura, 25(2), 180. https://doi.org/10.21082/jhort.v25n2.2015.p180-192
Nizam, M. N., Haris Yuana, & Zunita Wulansari. (2022). Mikrokontroler Esp 32 Sebagai Alat Monitoring Pintu Berbasis Web. JATI (Jurnal Mahasiswa Teknik Informatika), 6(2), 767–772. https://doi.org/10.36040/jati.v6i2.5713
Ntanasi, T., Karavidas, I., Savvas, D., Spyrou, G., Giannothanasis, E., Consentino, B., … & Ntatsi, G. (2025). Physiological and yield responses of pepper (capsicum annuum l.) genotypes to drought stress. Plants, 14(13), 1934. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants14131934
Nurhaya, N., Syam, A., & Jafar, J. (2022). Stomata density analysis of red chili (capsicum annuum l.) at different location. Agrotech Journal, 6(2), 87-94. https://doi.org/10.31327/atj.v6i2.1660
Prasetyo, A. D., & Agustinur, A. (2022). Inventarisasi Penyakit Pada Tanaman Cabai Merah (Capsicum annum l.) di Kebun Warga Gampong Suak Raya Kecamatan Johan Pahlawan Kabupaten Aceh Barat. Jurnal Agrotek Lestari, 8(1), 70. https://doi.org/10.35308/jal.v8i1.5293
Pratama, G., Lanya, I., & Sardiana, I. (2023). Pemetaan klasifikasi iklim schmidt-ferguson dan kesesuaian agroklimat tanaman cabai merah (capsicum annuum) di provinsi bali. Agrotrop Journal on Agriculture Science, 13(2), 170. https://doi.org/10.24843/ajoas.2023.v13.i02.p02
Rajela, A., & Sahbar, R. (2021). Penilaian Kinerja Daerah Irigasi Rawa Karang Agung Hilir Kecamatan Karang Agung Hilir Kabupaten Banyuasin (Studi Kasus: Blok P1, P3, P7 dan P8). TEKNIKA: Jurnal Teknik, 8(1), 63. https://doi.org/10.35449/teknika.v8i1.175
Rameshwaran, P., Tepe, A., Yazar, A., & Ragab, R. (2016). Effects of drip-irrigation regimes with saline water on pepper productivity and soil salinity under greenhouse conditions. Scientia Horticulturae, 199, 114-123. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2015.12.007
Rekha, S., Sankaran, M., & Subramani, T. (2017). Performance of bell pepper (capsicum annuuml .) and its economics with different irrigation regimes and nutrient scheduling under protected structure in island ecosystem. Advance Research Journal of Crop Improvement, 8(1), 89-94. https://doi.org/10.15740/has/arjci/8.1/89-94
Rusdan, R., Susila, A., & Suketi, K. (2023). Respons produksi dan kepedasan terhadap kepadatan populasi pada budidaya cabai menggunakan mulsa polyethylene dan irigasi tetes. Jurnal Hortikultura Indonesia, 14(1), 24-32. https://doi.org/10.29244/jhi.14.1.24-32
Sa’diyah, H., Widyastuti, D., & Mazwan, M. (2024). Analisis faktor yang mempengaruhi fluktuasi nilai tukar petani cabai merah (capsicum annum l.) di jawa barat. Mimbar Agribisnis Jurnal Pemikiran Masyarakat Ilmiah Berwawasan Agribisnis, 10(1), 976. https://doi.org/10.25157/ma.v10i1.12721
Sagar, A. and Singh, P. (2022). Stagewise water requirement of vegetable crops under protected and unprotected cultivation. The Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 92(3), 372-376. https://doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v92i3.122698
Selay, A., Andgha, G. D., Alfarizi, M. A., Bintang, M. I., Falah, M. N., Khaira, M., & Encep, M. (2022). Karimah Tauhid, Volume 1 Nomor 6 (2022), e-ISSN 2963-590X. Karimah Tauhid, 1(2963-590X), 861–862.
Selvia, S., Bakti, L., Sukartono, S., Suwardji, S., Kusumo, B., Syehan, F., … & Fitri, N. (2024). Pemberdayaan masyarakat melalui bimbingan teknis (bimtek) pemupukan organik untuk peningkatan produksi cabai merah di sembalun lombok timur. Jurnal Siar Ilmuwan Tani, 5(2), 139-146. https://doi.org/10.29303/jsit.v5i2.149
Suparwoto, S., Karman, J., & Waluyo, W. (2021). Daya hasil varietas cabai merah dengan teknologi proliga di lahan kering kabupaten ogan ilir sumatera selatan. Publikasi Penelitian Terapan Dan Kebijakan, 4(2), 113-119. https://doi.org/10.46774/pptk.v4i2.425
Susila, A., Suketi, K., & Pratama, M. (2023). Penggunaan sensor kelembaban tanah untuk penetapan jadwal penyiraman tanaman cabai melalui irigasi tetes. Jurnal Hortikultura Indonesia, 14(3), 126-132. https://doi.org/10.29244/jhi.14.3.126-132
Verema, V., Choudhury, B., Rymbai, H., Jha, A., Hazarika, S., & Mishra, V. (2024). Irrigation scheduling for high value vegetable crops grown under protected cultivation in the hilly ecosystem of north-east india. The Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 94(7), 767-773. https://doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v94i7.147126
Wehfany, F., Timisela, N., & Luhukay, J. (2022). Analisis faktor yang mempengaruhi pendapatan usahatani cabai rawit (capsicum frutescens l.). Jurnal Agrica, 15(2), 123-133. https://doi.org/10.31289/agrica.v15i2.7314
Yuniati, L., Anugrah, M., Hopipah, S., Himayatul, N., & Iemaaniah, Z. (2024). Pemberdayaan masyarakat melalui penyuluhan pengaruh teknik irigasi tetes terhadap budidaya tanaman cabai rawit (capsicum frutescens l.) di desa kuta lombok tengah. Jurnal Siar Ilmuwan Tani, 5(1), 14-21. https://doi.org/10.29303/jsit.v5i1.129
Copyright (c) 2025 Muhammad Rizky, Syarifah Aini, Meilyana Winda Perdana
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with Empiricism Journal agree to the following terms:
- For all articles published in Empiricism Journal, copyright is retained by the authors. Authors give permission to the publisher to announce the work with conditions. When the manuscript is accepted for publication, the authors agrees to implement a non-exclusive transfer of publishing rights to the journals.
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
