Relasi Ontologis Manusia, Tanaman Lokal, dan Ekosistem Dalam Sistem Agroforestri: Kajian Literatur di Kawasan Tambora
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36312/cr4p6n19Keywords:
agroforestri, novelty konseptual, sistem sosio-ekologis, tambora, ontologi relasionalAbstract
Agroforestri di kawasan Tambora umumnya dipahami sebagai sistem produksi dan konservasi, sementara dimensi ontologis relasi manusia–tanaman–ekosistem masih jarang dikaji secara eksplisit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengisi celah tersebut dengan menganalisis agroforestri Tambora melalui perspektif ontologi relasional, sehingga agroforestri dipahami sebagai sistem sosio-ekologis yang ko-konstitutif. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan tinjauan literatur kualitatif dengan kerangka analisis tematik, berdasarkan artikel ilmiah internasional dan nasional bereputasi yang diseleksi secara sistematis dari basis data Scopus, ScienceDirect, SpringerLink, dan Taylor & Francis.Hasil sintesis menunjukkan bahwa agroforestri Tambora membentuk relasi timbal balik antara manusia, tanaman, dan ekosistem vulkanik yang tidak dapat dipisahkan secara sektoral. Pada dimensi sosial-budaya, tanaman berfungsi sebagai medium transmisi pengetahuan dan identitas masyarakat; pada dimensi ekologis, keanekaragaman spesies dan struktur vegetasi multistrata meningkatkan resiliensi lanskap; pada dimensi ekonomi, diversifikasi tanaman memperkuat ketahanan mata pencaharian; sementara pada dimensi ontologis, agroforestri dipahami sebagai ruang keberadaan bersama (co-being), di mana manusia dan alam saling membentuk. Novelty penelitian ini terletak pada integrasi eksplisit pendekatan ontologi relasional dalam kajian agroforestri berbasis konteks lokal Tambora, yang melampaui analisis teknis-ekonomis konvensional. Kajian ini memberikan kontribusi konseptual bagi pengembangan studi agroforestri dan menjadi dasar alternatif bagi perumusan kebijakan dan pengelolaan lanskap berkelanjutan yang lebih kontekstual.
Kata kunci: agroforestri; ontologi relasional; novelty konseptual; sistem sosio-ekologis; tambora
Relational Ontology of Agroforestry in Tambora: A Literature Review of Human–Plant–Ecosystem Relations
Abstract
Agroforestry in the Tambora region is generally understood as a system of production and conservation, while the ontological dimension of human–plant–ecosystem relations is still rarely examined explicitly. This study aims to address this gap by analyzing Tambora agroforestry through the lens of relational ontology, so that agroforestry is understood as a co-constitutive socio-ecological system. The study employs a qualitative literature review with a thematic analysis framework, based on reputable international and national scholarly articles that were systematically selected from Scopus, ScienceDirect, SpringerLink, and Taylor & Francis. The synthesis indicates that Tambora agroforestry forms reciprocal relations among humans, plants, and volcanic ecosystems that cannot be separated into sectoral domains. In the socio-cultural dimension, plants function as media for the transmission of knowledge and community identity; in the ecological dimension, species diversity and multi-strata vegetation structure enhance landscape resilience; in the economic dimension, crop diversification strengthens livelihood security; while in the ontological dimension, agroforestry is understood as a space of co-being, in which humans and nature mutually constitute one another. The novelty of this study lies in the explicit integration of a relational ontology approach into agroforestry research grounded in the local Tambora context, moving beyond conventional technical-economic analyses. This review offers a conceptual contribution to the development of agroforestry studies and provides an alternative foundation for policymaking and sustainable landscape management that is more context-sensitive.
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