Eksplorasi Potensi Limbah Batang Tembakau sebagai Prekursor Alami untuk Sintesis Graphene Oxide Berbasis Green Synthesis dengan Metode Hummers Reagen Kimia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36312/dk9rrh91Keywords:
Graphene Oxide, Limbah Batang Tembakau, Metode Hummers Termodifikasi, Green Synthesis, Material Karbon Berbasis BiomassaAbstract
Sintesis Graphene Oxide (GO) telah berhasil dilakukan dari limbah batang tembakau menggunakan metode Hummers yang dimodifikasi, di mana bahan baku terlebih dahulu diolah menjadi grafit melalui pemanasan pada suhu 5000C selama 2 jam. Proses oksidasi grafit menggunakan asam sulfat (H2SO2) dan kalium permanganat (KMnO4) menghasilkan material GO dengan jarak antar lapisan sekitar 0,79 nm serta struktur kristalin yang sebagian besar bersifat amorf. Hasil karakterisasi X Ray Diffraction (XRD) menunjukkan bahwa struktur kristal grafit mengalami gangguan akibat terbentuknya gugus fungsional oksigen, yang diperkuat oleh hasil spektroskopi Raman dengan munculnya pita D pada sekitar 1348 cm-1 dan pita G pada sekitar 1587 cm-1 yang mengindikasikan adanya cacat dan ketidakteraturan struktur karbon. Sementara itu, hasil Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) memperlihatkan morfologi GO yang berpori dengan ukuran partikel karbon berkisar antara 150 hingga 300 um, yang berpotensi memberikan luas permukaan tinggi. Karakteristik struktural, kimia, dan morfologi tersebut menunjukkan bahwa GO hasil sintesis ini berpotensi diaplikasikan dalam berbagai bidang, seperti adsorben untuk pengolahan limbah, material elektroda pada sistem penyimpanan energi, sensor, serta penguat komposit, sekaligus menegaskan kontribusi penelitian ini terhadap pengembangan material karbon bernilai tinggi berbasis biomassa dari limbah pertanian yang ramah lingkungan dan berkelanjutan.
Exploration of the Potential of Tobacco Stem Waste as a Natural Precursor for Graphene Oxide Synthesis via Green Synthesis Using the Chemical Reagent Hummers Method
Abstract
Graphene Oxide (GO) synthesis has been successfully carried out from tobacco stem waste using a modified Hummers method, where the raw material was first processed into graphite by heating at 5000C for 2 hours. The graphite oxidation process, using sulfuric acid (H2SO4) and potassium permanganate (KMnO4), resulted in the formation of GO material with an interlayer spacing of approximately 0.79 nm and a crystalline structure that is largely amorphous. X Ray Diffraction (XRD) characterization results showed that the graphite crystalline structure was disturbed due to the formation of oxygen functional groups, which was further supported by Raman spectroscopy results showing a D-band at around 1348 cm-1 and a G-band at around 1587 cm-1, indicating defects and disorder in the carbon structure. Meanwhile, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) results revealed the porous morphology of GO with carbon particle sizes ranging from 150 to 300 um, potentially providing a high surface area. These structural, chemical, and morphological characteristics suggest that the synthesized GO has potential applications in various fields, such as adsorbents for waste treatment, electrode materials in energy storage systems, sensors, and composite reinforcement. This study highlights the contribution to the development of high-value carbon materials from agricultural waste biomass that are environmentally friendly and sustainable.
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