Hubungan Jenis Kelamin, Keteraturan Pola Makan, Aktivitas Fisik, dan Indeks Massa Tubuh Terhadap Dispepsia Fungsional pada Mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Islam Al-Azhar
Downloads
How to Cite
Dispepsia adalah kumpulan gejala akibat ketidaknyamanan pada sistem saluran cerna bagian atas. Faktor risikonya meliputi usia, jenis kelamin, keteraturan pola makan, konsumsi makanan dan minuman iritatif, aktivitas fisik, dan status gizi. Dispepsia fungsional banyak terjadi pada rentang usia 18-20 tahun. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan jenis kelamin, keteraturan pola makan, aktivitas fisik, dan indeks massa tubuh (IMT) terhadap kejadian dispepsia fungsional pada mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Islam Al-Azhar. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan dengan desain studi cross sectional. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan stratified random sampling. Penelitian dilakukan di Fakultas kedokteran Universitas Islam Al-Azhar pada bulan September 2025. Sampel penelitian sebanyak 90 responden. Data dianalisis secara univariat dan bivariat dengan uji statistik Chi-square. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan tidak terdapat hubungan signifikan antara jenis kelamin dengan kejadian dispepsia fungsional (p-value 0,298) serta nilai PR = 1,230 (0,873-1,734), terdapat hubungan keteraturan pola makan dengan kejadian dispepsia fungsional (p-value 0,016) nilai PR = 1,471 (1,097-1,974), terdapat hubungan aktivitas fisik dengan kejadian dispepsia fungsional (p-value 0,034) serta nilai PR = 0,633 (0,535-0,749), dan tidak terdapat hubungan indeks massa tubuh (IMT) dengan kejadian dispepsia fungsional (0,246) serta nilai PR = 1,036 (0,754-1,423). Tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara jenis kelamin, dan IMT dengan kejadian dispepsia fungsional pada mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Islam Al-Azhar, dan terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara keteraturan pola makan, dan aktivitas fisik dengan kejadian dispepsia fungsional pada mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Islam Al-Azhar.
The Relationship between Gender, Meal Regularity, Physical Activity, and Body Mass Index with Functional Dyspepsia among Medical Students at the Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar Islamic University
Abstract
Dyspepsia is a cluster of symptoms caused by discomfort in the upper gastrointestinal tract. Risk factors include age, sex, eating pattern regularity, consumption of irritative foods and beverages, physical activity, and nutritional status. Functional dyspepsia frequently occurs in individuals aged 18–20 years. This study aimed to determine the association between sex, eating pattern regularity, physical activity, and body mass index (BMI) with the incidence of functional dyspepsia among students of the Faculty of Medicine, Islamic University of Al-Azhar. This research employed a cross-sectional study design. The sampling technique used was stratified random sampling. The study was conducted at the Faculty of Medicine, Islamic University of Al-Azhar in September 2025, with a total sample of 90 respondents. Data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate analyses with the Chi-square statistical test. The findings showed that there was no significant association between sex and the incidence of functional dyspepsia (p-value 0.298) with PR = 1.230 (0.873–1.734). There was a significant association between eating pattern regularity and the incidence of functional dyspepsia (p-value 0.016) with PR = 1.471 (1.097–1.974). A significant association was also found between physical activity and functional dyspepsia (p-value 0.034) with PR = 0.633 (0.535–0.749). Meanwhile, there was no significant association between body mass index (BMI) and functional dyspepsia (p-value 0.246) with PR = 1.036 (0.754–1.423). There was no significant association between sex and BMI with the incidence of functional dyspepsia among medical students at the Faculty of Medicine, Islamic University of Al-Azhar. However, eating pattern regularity and physical activity demonstrated significant associations with the incidence of functional dyspepsia among the students.
Amelia, K. (2022). Faktor-Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Dispepsia Pada Mahasiswa Tingkat Akhir.
Aprillia, S., Arbi, A., & Andria, D. (2024). Faktor-Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Kejadian Dspepsia Pada Pasien Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Batoh Kota Badan Aceh Tahub 2023. Jurnal Kesehatan Tambusai, 5(Nomor 1), 358–364.
Basandra, S., & Divyansh. (2014). Epidemiology Of Dyspepsia And Irritable Bowel Syndrome (Ibs) In Medical Students Of Northern India. Journal Of Clinical And Diagnostic Research, 8(12), Jc13–Jc16. Https://Doi.Org/10.7860/Jcdr/2014/10710.5318
Black, C. J., Paine, P. A., Agrawal, A., Aziz, I., Eugenicos, M. P., Houghton, L. A., Hungin, P., Overshott, R., Vasant, D. H., Rudd, S., Winning, R. C., Corsetti, M., & Ford, A. C. (2022). British Society Of Gastroenterology Guidelines On The Management Of Functional Dyspepsia. Gut, 71(9), 1697–1723. Https://Doi.Org/10.1136/Gutjnl-2022-327737
Dinas Kesehatan NTB. (2022). Profil Kesehatan Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat Tahun 2021. In Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat Tahun 2021.
Djojoningrat, D. (2014). Buku Ajar Ilmu Penyakit Dalam Edisi VI Jilid I. Buku Ajar Ilmu Penyakit Dalam, 6(1).
Duarsa, A. B. S., Arjita, I. P. D., Ma’ruf, Fauzy Aena Mardiah Fachrudi Hanafi, J. B., & Utami, S. (2021). Buku Ajar Penelitian Kesehatan (Edisi Pert).
Erin Kurnia Sari, Fathinah R. Hardy, Ulya Q. Karima, & Terry Y.R. Pristya. (2021). Faktor Risiko Sindrom Dispepsia Pada Remaja Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Kecamatan Palmerah. Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Kesehatan , 9(3), 431–446.
Firiansyah, A. R., Amir, S. P., Muchtar, A., Hidayati, P. H., & Nur, M. J. (2025). Karakteristik Sindrom Dispepsia Pada Mahasiswa Angkatan 2021 Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Muslim Indonesia. Borneo Journal Of Medical Laboratory Technology, 7(2), 680–688.
Firiansyah, A., et al. (2025). Dampak dispepsia fungsional terhadap kualitas hidup mahasiswa kedokteran. Jurnal Epidemiologi Kesehatan Indonesia, 13(1), 34-42.
Firman Syah, M. S., Manaf, A. A., & The, F. (2022). Hubungan Faktor Risiko Dengan Kejadian Sindrom Dispepsia Fungsional Pada Mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Khairun. Medula, 10(1), 9. Https://Doi.Org/10.46496/Medula.V10i1.25877
Ford, A. C., Marwaha, A., Sood, R., & Moayyedi, P. (2015). Global Prevalence Of, And Risk Factors For, Uninvestigated Dyspepsia: A Meta-Analysis. Gut, 64(7), 1049–1057. Https://Doi.Org/10.1136/Gutjnl-2014-307843
Gyawali, B., et al. (2024). Prevalence and risk factors of functional dyspepsia: A population-based study in Nepal. Jurnal Gastroenterologi Hepato-Energi Indonesia, 5(2), 112-120. https://doi.org/10.51544/jghe.v5i2.974ina-jghe
Hidayat, R., et al. (2023). Pengaruh hormonal jenis kelamin terhadap motilitas lambung dan dispepsia. Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia, 14(4), 156-164.
Ibrahim, S., & Hardjo, M. (2023). Metodologi Penelitian Kesehatan Metodologi Penelitian Kesehatan (J. Ibrahim & M. Hardjo (Eds.); 1st Ed.). Pt Nasya Expanding Management.
Ismed, G. (2020). Hubungan Obesitas Dengan Dispepsia Fungsional Usia Produktif 15-64 Tahun. In Skripsi Tahun 2020.
Juwita, B. P., Adni, A., Diatmika, P., Sulaksmana, W., & Parwata, S. (2025). Hubungan Tingkat Stres Terhadap Kejadian Sindrom Dispepsia Fungsional Pada Mahasiswa Preklinik Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Mataram. Jusindo, 7(1), 284–291.
Kim, Y. S., & Kim, N. (2020). Functional Dyspepsia: A Narrative Review With A Focus On Sex-Gender Differences. Journal Of Neurogastroenterology And Motility, 26(3), 322–334.
Koloski, N. A., Jones, M., Walker, M. M., Holtmann, G., & Talley, N. J. (2020). Functional Dyspepsia Is Associated With Lower Exercise Levels: A Population-Based Study. United European Gastroenterology Journal, 8(5), 577–583. Https://Doi.Org/10.1177/2050640620916680
Li, Y., Su, Z., Li, P., Li, Y., Johnson, N., Zhang, Q., Du, S., Zhao, H., Li, K., Zhang, C., & Ding, X. (2020). Association Of Symptoms With Eating Habits And Food Preferences In Chronic Gastritis Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study. Evidence-Based Complementary And Alternative Medicine, 2020. Https://Doi.Org/10.1155/2020/5197201
Melina, A., Nababan, D., & Rohana, T. (2023). Faktor Risiko Terjadinya Sindroma Dispepsia Pada Pasien Di Poli Klinik Penyakit Dalam Rsud Dr. Pirngadi Medan Tahun 2019. Indonesian Nursing Journal Of Education And Clinic, 3(1), 31–45.
Mounsey, A., Barzin, A., Rietz, A., Carolina, N., Hill, C., & Carolina, N. (2020). Functional Dyspepsia. American Family Physician, 46(1), 283.
Naresha Devani, P. A. E., Rahadianti, D., Permana Putra, I. G. A., & Ruqayyah, S. (2024). Hubungan Stress Akademik, Kualitas Tidur, Dan Keteraturan Makan Terhadap Kejadian Dispepsia Fungsional Pada Mahasiswa Tahun Pertama Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Islam Al-Azhar. Jurnal Ilmu Kedokteran Dan Kesehatan, 11(5), 1014–1022.
Noor, M. K., Muthmainah, N., Heriyani, F., Asnawati, A., & Nursantari, W. (2024). Hubungan Keteraturan Pola Makan Dengan Sindrom Dispepsia Pada Mahasiswa Pskps Fkik Ulm. Jurnal Homeostasis, 7(1), 119–126.
Pratama, M. K., & Edward Pandu Wiriansya, Uyuni Azis, S. S. (2024). Gambaran Tingkat Stres Mahasiswa Program Profesi Dokter Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Muslim Indonesia. Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat, 8 (1)(April), 676–684.
Pratiwi, N. D. (2024). Hubungan status gizi, konsumsi kopi, dan aktivitas fisik dengan sindrom dispepsia fungsional pada mahasiswa Universitas Jenderal Soedirman [Skripsi]. Universitas Jenderal Soedirman.
Putra, I. B. A., Bagiansah, M., Utary, D., & Wiatma, D. S. (2025). Hubungan jenis kelamin, keteraturan pola makan, aktivitas fisik, dan IMT terhadap kejadian dispepsia fungsional pada mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Islam Al-Azhar. Skripsi, Universitas Islam Al-Azhar.Skripsi-Ida-Bagus-Ary-Ananta-Putra-1.pdf
Putri Kirani, & Siregar, P. P. (2022). Pengaruh Kebiasaan Makan Makanan Pedas Terhadap Kejadian Sindrom Dispepsia Fungsional Di Poliklinik Penyakit Dalam Rumah Sakit Umum Haji Medan. Jurnal Ilmiah Maksitek, 7(4), 26–32.
Rahmawati, R. D., Lestari, D. R., & Rahmayanti, D. (2025). Gambaran Tingkat Stres Akademik Pada Mahasiswa Program Sarjana Keperawatan Dan Kedokteran. Journal Of Intan Nursing, 4(1), 1–6.
Saputra, A., et al. (2025). Hubungan stres, aktivitas fisik, dan jenis makanan/minuman iritatif dengan kejadian dispepsia fungsional pada remaja. Indonesian Journal of Health Research Innovation, 3(3), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.51544/ijhri.v3i3.116journal.ymci
Sari, D. P., et al. (2025). Hubungan aktivitas fisik dan pola makan dengan kejadian dispepsia pada pasien RSUP Haji Medan. Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Sumatera Utara, 12(1), 45-52.
Setia, M. S. (2021). Metodologi penelitian cross-sectional analitik dalam kesehatan masyarakat. Indian Journal of Community Medicine, 46(2), 245-250.
Sperber, A. D., Bangdiwala, S. I., Drossman, D. A., Ghoshal, U. C., Simren, M., Tack, J., Whitehead, W. E., Dumitrascu, D. L., Fang, X., Fukudo, S., Kellow, J., Okeke, E., Quigley, E. M. M., Schmulson, M., Whorwell, P., Archampong, T., Adibi, P., Andresen, V., Benninga, M. A., … Palsson, O. S. (2021). Worldwide Prevalence And Burden Of Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders, Results Of Rome Foundation Global Study. Gastroenterology, 160(1), 99-114.E3. Https://Doi.Org/10.1053/J.Gastro.2020.04.014
von Elm, E., Altman, D. G., Egger, M., Pocock, S. J., Gøtzsche, P. C., & Vandenbroucke, J. P. (2022). The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement: Guidelines for reporting observational studies. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 150, 234-242. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclinepi.2022.06.015
Wei, W., et al. (2023). Exercise is inversely associated with functional dyspepsia among armed police recruits: A cross-sectional study. BMC Gastroenterology, 23(1), Article 429. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12876-023-03092-1pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih
Wibawani, E. A., Faturahman, Y., & Purwanto, A. (2021). Faktor-Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Kejadian Dispepsia Pada Pasien Rawat Jalan Poli Penyakit Dalam Di Rsud Koja (Studi Pada Pasien Rawat Jalan Poli Penyakit Dalam Di Rsud Koja Tahun 2020). Jurnal Kesehatan Komunitas Indonesia, 17(1), 257–266. Https://Doi.Org/10.37058/Jkki.V17i1.3605
Wijaya, I., Nur, N. H., & Sari, H. (2020). Hubungan Gaya Hidup Dan Pola Makan Terhadap Kejadian Syndrom Dispepsia Di Rumah Sakit Bhayangkara Kota Makassar. Jurnal Promotif Preventif, 3(1), 58–68. Https://Doi.Org/10.47650/Jpp.V3i1.149
Yamamoto, Y., Furukawa, S., Watanabe, J., Kato, A., Kusumoto, K., Takeshita, E., Ikeda, Y., Yamamoto, N., Kohara, K., Saeki, Y., & Hiasa, Y. (2022). Association Between Body Mass Index And Functional Dyspepsia In Young Japanese People. Journal Of Neurogastroenterology And Motility, 28(2), 276–282. Https://Doi.Org/10.5056/Jnm21076
Copyright (c) 2026 Ida Bagus Ary Ananta Putra, Mamang Bagiansah, Dewi Utary, Deny Sutrisna Wiatma
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with Empiricism Journal agree to the following terms:
- For all articles published in Empiricism Journal, copyright is retained by the authors. Authors give permission to the publisher to announce the work with conditions. When the manuscript is accepted for publication, the authors agrees to implement a non-exclusive transfer of publishing rights to the journals.
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
