Problematika Keluarga Buruh Migran di Kecamatan Praya Barat Kabupaten Lombok Tengah

Dalam perspektif Hukum Keluarga Islam, keluarga merupakan unit dasar pembentukan masyarakat yang harmonis, dengan suami sebagai pemimpin dan penanggung jawab utama keluarga. Namun, realitas keluarga buruh migran sering kali menunjukkan ketidaksesuaian antara konstruksi normatif tersebut dan praktik kehidupan sehari-hari akibat jarak dan keterpisahan fisik yang berkepanjangan. Kondisi ini menimbulkan berbagai persoalan sosial, psikologis, dan hukum yang belum sepenuhnya terakomodasi dalam kajian hukum keluarga Islam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis problematika keluarga buruh migran, khususnya terkait pergeseran peran istri, pola pengasuhan anak, pembinaan keagamaan dalam keluarga, pemenuhan nafkah, serta potensi konflik rumah tangga dan implikasi hukumnya. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan subjek istri buruh migran, pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi, dan dokumentasi, serta analisis data menggunakan model interaktif Miles dan Huberman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa migrasi suami ke luar negeri menyebabkan istri menjalankan peran ganda sebagai pengelola rumah tangga, pengasuh utama anak, sekaligus pengambil keputusan keluarga. Kondisi ini menimbulkan tekanan psikologis yang tidak ringan, tantangan dalam pembinaan keagamaan anak, serta ketergantungan ekonomi keluarga terhadap remitansi suami. Dalam jangka panjang, situasi tersebut meningkatkan potensi konflik rumah tangga dan membuka ruang terjadinya pelanggaran terhadap norma-norma Hukum Keluarga Islam. Sebagai bentuk respons terhadap kondisi tersebut, keluarga buruh migran mengembangkan berbagai upaya adaptasi, antara lain melalui komunikasi jarak jauh yang rutin, keterlibatan keluarga besar dalam pengasuhan anak, serta penguatan nilai-nilai keagamaan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Strategi adaptasi ini menjadi penting untuk menjaga keharmonisan keluarga, stabilitas ekonomi, serta keberlanjutan penerapan prinsip-prinsip Hukum Keluarga Islam dalam konteks keluarga buruh migran.

Problems Faced by Migrant Worker Families in Praya Barat District, Central Lombok Regency

Abstract

From the perspective of Islamic Family Law, the family is considered the basic unit for forming a harmonious society, with the husband as the leader and primary responsible party of the family. However, the reality of migrant workers' families often shows a discrepancy between this normative construction and everyday life practices due to prolonged physical distance and separation. This situation gives rise to various social, psychological, and legal issues that have not been fully addressed in studies on Islamic family law. This research aims to analyze the problems faced by migrant workers' families, particularly concerning the shifting roles of wives, patterns of child-rearing, religious education within the family, the fulfillment of livelihood needs, as well as potential household conflicts and their legal implications.The study used a descriptive qualitative approach with the subjects being wives of migrant workers. Data was collected through in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation, and data analysis was conducted using the Miles and Huberman interactive model. The results of the study indicate that the husband's migration abroad causes the wife to take on dual roles as household manager, primary caregiver for the children, and family decision-maker. This situation creates significant psychological pressure, challenges in fostering the children's religious education, as well as the family's economic dependence on the husband's remittances. In the long term, this situation increases the potential for domestic conflicts and creates opportunities for violations of Islamic Family Law norms. As a response to these conditions, migrant worker families develop various adaptation efforts, including regular long-distance communication, involvement of extended family members in child-rearing, and strengthening religious values in daily life. These adaptation strategies become important to maintain family harmony, economic stability, and the continued application of Islamic Family Law principles within the context of migrant worker families.