Desain Sistem Pertanian Terpadu Berkelanjutan (SPTB)
Downloads
How to Cite
Peningkatan tekanan terhadap lahan pertanian, kerusakan lingkungan, dan kebutuhan akan ketahanan pangan mendorong perlunya pengembangan sistem pertanian yang berkelanjutan dan multifungsi. Sistem Pertanian Terpadu Berkelanjutan (SPTB) merupakan pendekatan inovatif yang mengintegrasikan berbagai elemen produksi seperti tanaman pertanian, tanaman kehutanan, peternakan, perikanan, dan kegiatan ekowisata dalam satu kesatuan sistem yang saling mendukung. Artikel ini merancang model SPTB berbasis agroforestri dan ekowisata yang dikembangkan pada lahan seluas 2 hektar dengan mempertimbangkan prinsip-prinsip konservasi, keberlanjutan ekologis, serta pemberdayaan masyarakat lokal. Pendekatan penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif melalui kajian literatur dan analisis konseptual. Agroforestri dirancang sebagai basis produksi dan konservasi yang terdiri dari tanaman keras tahunan dan tanaman pertanian musiman yang dikelola secara ekologis. Sementara itu, ekowisata dikembangkan sebagai sarana edukasi, rekreasi, dan pemberdayaan masyarakat melalui aktivitas seperti forest healing, agropetik, pengelolaan sampah terpadu, dan pendidikan lingkungan. Pembagian ruang kawasan dilakukan dalam tiga zona utama: 30% untuk tanaman kehutanan, 50% untuk tanaman pertanian, dan 20% untuk fasilitas wisata atau amenities. Seluruh aktivitas dirancang dengan pendekatan ramah lingkungan dan minim limbah. Model ini menunjukkan bahwa integrasi agroforestri dan ekowisata dalam kerangka SPTB mampu menciptakan sistem yang produktif, konservatif, dan inklusif, serta mendukung pencapaian tujuan pembangunan berkelanjutan (SDGs), khususnya tujuan 13 (aksi terhadap perubahan iklim) dan tujuan 15 (menjaga ekosistem darat). Desain ini diharapkan dapat direplikasi dalam pengelolaan lahan multifungsi berbasis masyarakat.
Kata kunci: sistem pertanian terpadu, agroforestri, ekowisata, keberlanjutan, konservasi, SDGs
Integrated Agriculture System Design
Abstract
Increasing pressure on agricultural land, environmental degradation, and the need for food security are driving the need to develop sustainable and multifunctional agricultural systems. The Sustainable Integrated Farming System (SPTB) is an innovative approach that integrates various production elements such as agricultural crops, forestry crops, livestock, fisheries, and ecotourism activities into a single, mutually supportive system. This article designs an agroforestry and ecotourism-based SPTB model developed on a 2-hectare plot of land, considering the principles of conservation, ecological sustainability, and local community empowerment. The research approach uses qualitative descriptive methods through literature review and conceptual analysis. Agroforestry is designed as a production and conservation base, consisting of perennial and seasonal agricultural crops managed ecologically. Meanwhile, ecotourism is developed as a means of education, recreation, and community empowerment through activities such as forest healing, agropetics, integrated waste management, and environmental education. The area is divided into three main zones: 30% for forestry crops, 50% for agricultural crops, and 20% for tourism facilities or amenities. All activities are designed with an environmentally friendly and waste-free approach. This model demonstrates that integrating agroforestry and ecotourism within the SPTB framework can create a productive, conservative, and inclusive system, and support the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly Goal 13 (action on climate change) and Goal 15 (protecting terrestrial ecosystems). This design is expected to be replicated in community-based multifunctional land management.
Keywords: integrated farming system, agroforestry, ecotourism, sustainability, conservation, SDGs
Bhagat, R., Singh, R., Kumar, S., & Yadav, R. (2024). Integrated farming systems as environmentally sustainable approaches for improving farm productivity and livelihood security. Food and Energy Security, 13(1), e534. https://doi.org/10.1002/fes3.534
Bhushan, S., Pandey, R., & Singh, K. (2024). Evaluating local livelihoods, sustainable forest management, and ecotourism linkages in forest landscapes. Frontiers in Forests and Global Change, 7, 1491917. https://doi.org/10.3389/ffgc.2024.1491917
Blanton, A., Friess, D. A., & Webb, E. L. (2024). Ecotourism and mangrove conservation in Southeast Asia: Current trends and perspectives. Journal of Environmental Management, 358, 120623. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120623
Chatterjee, P., & Datta, S. K. (2024). Preserving environmental quality of ecotourism sites through community participation: Evidence from Purulia District, West Bengal, India. Regional Sustainability, 5(1), 12–24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.regsus.2024.01.003
Dash, B., Patra, A., & Nayak, B. (2024). Sustainable tourism, livelihood, and coastal governance: The case of Chilika Lake, India. Ocean & Coastal Management, 244, 106743. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2024.106743
Klimke, M., Schraml, U., & Konold, W. (2024). Allowing for the multifunctionality of agroforestry systems: Lessons from a legal perspective with a focus on Germany. Current Research in Environmental Sustainability, 7, 100230. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crsust.2024.100230
Low, G., Smyth, S., & Phillips, P. (2023). Mixed farming and agroforestry systems: A systematic review on value chain implications. Agricultural Systems, 207, 103607. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2023.103607
Quandt, A. (2023). Climate change adaptation through agroforestry: Opportunities and constraints. Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability, 61, 101250. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cosust.2022.101250
Robinson, G. M., Carson, D., & Carson, D. (2024). Global sustainable agriculture and land management systems. Environmental Challenges, 16, 100938. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envc.2024.100938
Samal, R., Behera, B., & Sahu, N. (2023). Ecotourism, biodiversity conservation and livelihoods: Understanding the convergence and divergence. Environmental and Sustainability Indicators, 18, 100243. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indic.2023.100243
Shang, X., Li, Y., & Chen, W. (2025). Benefits of forest therapy for adult mental health: A systematic review and meta-analysis based on the Profile of Mood States (POMS). Frontiers in Psychology, 16, 1670804. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1670804
Sharma, U., Tiwari, R., & Singh, P. (2025). A global review of agroforestry research and policy directions. Trees, Forests and People, 19, 100728. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tfp.2025.100728
Van Noordwijk, M. (2021). Agroforestry-based ecosystem services: Reconciling values of humans and nature in sustainable development. Land, 10(7), 699. https://doi.org/10.3390/land10070699
Van Noordwijk, M. (2021). Agroforestry-based ecosystem services: Multifunctional landscapes for sustainable development. Land, 10(8), 770. https://doi.org/10.3390/land10080770
Xiao, J., Zhang, Y., Liu, L., & Li, Z. (2022). Agroforestry ecosystem services and its implications for ecological restoration in degraded landscapes. Science of the Total Environment, 842, 156912. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156912
Copyright (c) 2026 Radjali Amin, Febriana Tri Wulandari
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with Empiricism Journal agree to the following terms:
- For all articles published in Empiricism Journal, copyright is retained by the authors. Authors give permission to the publisher to announce the work with conditions. When the manuscript is accepted for publication, the authors agrees to implement a non-exclusive transfer of publishing rights to the journals.
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
