Penerapan Sistem Irigasi Tetes Otomatis Berbasis Sensor Kelembaban Tanah: Upaya Pertanian Presisi pada Tanaman Semangka
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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis penerapan sistem irigasi tetes otomatis berbasis sensor kelembaban tanah dalam mendukung pertanian presisi pada budidaya tanaman semangka. Metode yang digunakan adalah narrative literature review dengan mengkaji berbagai sumber ilmiah yang relevan, meliputi jurnal internasional bereputasi, jurnal nasional terakreditasi, serta prosiding ilmiah. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa sistem irigasi tetes berbasis sensor mampu meningkatkan efisiensi penggunaan air hingga 30–80% dibandingkan metode konvensional, karena proses penyiraman dilakukan secara real-time sesuai kondisi aktual kelembaban tanah. Selain itu, teknologi ini mampu menjaga stabilitas kelembaban tanah sehingga berdampak positif terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman, kualitas buah, serta produktivitas hasil panen. Integrasi teknologi sensor, Internet of Things (IoT), dan sistem otomatisasi juga memberikan kemudahan dalam monitoring dan pengelolaan irigasi secara lebih akurat dan efisien. Namun demikian, kajian ini masih memiliki keterbatasan karena bergantung pada data sekunder serta belum didukung oleh pengujian empiris langsung di lapangan. Di sisi lain, implementasi teknologi ini juga menghadapi kendala seperti biaya investasi awal, kebutuhan infrastruktur, serta keterbatasan kapasitas teknis pengguna. Dengan demikian, meskipun penerapan sistem ini berpotensi menjadi solusi strategis dalam menghadapi keterbatasan sumberdaya air dan mendukung pertanian berkelanjutan berbasis teknologi, diperlukan kajian lanjutan untuk memperkuat validasi dan penerapannya di berbagai kondisi lapangan.
Implementation of an Automatic Drip Irrigation System Based on Soil Moisture Sensors: a Precision Agriculture Effort for Watermelon Plants
Abstract
This article aims to analyze the application of an automatic drip irrigation system based on soil moisture sensors to support precision agriculture in watermelon cultivation. The method used is a narrative literature review by examining various relevant scientific sources, including reputable international journals, accredited national journals, and scientific proceedings. The results of the study indicate that the sensor-based drip irrigation system can increase water use efficiency by 30–80% compared to conventional methods, because the watering process is carried out in real time according to actual soil moisture conditions. In addition, this technology is able to maintain soil moisture stability, thus positively impacting plant growth, fruit quality, and crop productivity. The integration of sensor technology, the Internet of Things (IoT), and automation systems also facilitates more accurate and efficient irrigation monitoring and management. However, this study still has limitations because it relies on secondary data and is not supported by direct empirical testing in the field. Furthermore, the implementation of this technology also faces obstacles such as initial investment costs, infrastructure requirements, and limited user technical capacity. Therefore, although the implementation of this system has the potential to be a strategic solution to address limited water resources and support technology-based sustainable agriculture, further studies are needed to strengthen its validation and application in various field conditions.
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