Kebijakan Promosi Kesehatan dalam Mendorong Aktivitas Fisik: Dampaknya terhadap Kebugaran dan Kesejahteraan Masyarakat
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Kebijakan promosi kesehatan memiliki peran penting dalam meningkatkan aktivitas fisik masyarakat di tengah meningkatnya gaya hidup sedentari yang berdampak pada kesehatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis efektivitas kebijakan promosi kesehatan dalam meningkatkan aktivitas fisik serta dampaknya terhadap kebugaran dan kesejahteraan masyarakat. Penelitian menggunakan metode systematic literature review dengan menelaah 25 artikel ilmiah periode 2020–2025 yang diperoleh melalui teknik purposive sampling berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Instrumen penelitian berupa lembar ekstraksi data dan pedoman telaah artikel yang mengacu pada metode PRISMA untuk menjamin validitas dan reliabilitas data. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif dan sintesis naratif terhadap hasil penelitian yang relevan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kebijakan promosi kesehatan efektif meningkatkan aktivitas fisik di sekolah, komunitas, tempat kerja, dan lingkungan binaan. Peningkatan aktivitas fisik berkontribusi terhadap peningkatan kebugaran kardiorespirasi, penurunan risiko penyakit kronis, serta peningkatan kesehatan mental dan kualitas hidup. Faktor pendukung keberhasilan meliputi dukungan lingkungan fisik, keterlibatan sosial, dan pemanfaatan teknologi digital, sedangkan tantangan utama terdapat pada implementasi kebijakan, koordinasi lintas sektor, dan kesenjangan akses fasilitas. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa kebijakan promosi kesehatan yang komprehensif dan terintegrasi berpotensi meningkatkan kualitas hidup masyarakat secara berkelanjutan.
Kata kunci: promosi kesehatan; aktivitas fisik; kebijakan promosi kesehatan; gaya hidup sedentari; kesejahteraan masyarakat
Health Promotion Policy in Promoting Physical Activity: Its Impact on Community Fitness and Well-Being
Abstract
Health promotion policies play an important role in increasing community physical activity amid the rising sedentary lifestyle that impacts health. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of health promotion policies in improving physical activity and their impact on community fitness and well-being. This research used a systematic literature review method by reviewing 25 scientific articles published during 2020–2025 obtained through purposive sampling based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The research instruments included data extraction sheets and article review guidelines referring to the PRISMA method to ensure data validity and reliability. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive analysis and narrative synthesis of relevant research findings. The results showed that health promotion policies effectively increased physical activity in schools, communities, workplaces, and built environments. Increased physical activity contributed to improved cardiorespiratory fitness, reduced risk of chronic diseases, and better mental health and quality of life. Supporting factors included physical environmental support, social involvement, and the use of digital technology, while the main challenges were policy implementation, cross-sector coordination, and inequality in facility access. This study concludes that comprehensive and integrated health promotion policies have great potential to improve community quality of life sustainably.
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