Hubungan Antara Karakteristik Individu dengan Gejala Neurotoksik pada Pekerja Industri Percetakan
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Industri percetakan merupakan salah satu industri yang berisiko terhadap pajanan bahan kimia seperti benzena, toluena, dan xilena yang dapat menimbulkan gangguan kesehatan berupa gejala neurotoksik pada pekerja. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan karakteristik individu dengan gejala neurotoksik pada pekerja industri percetakan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional analitik dengan pendekatan cross-sectional yang dilakukan pada pekerja industri percetakan di Kabupaten Klaten, Jawa Tengah pada bulan Januari–April 2026. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 30 pekerja yang ditentukan menggunakan prinsip Central Limit Theorem (CLT) dengan teknik stratified random sampling berdasarkan area kerja. Data diperoleh melalui pengisian kuesioner karakteristik individu dan gejala neurotoksik menggunakan kuesioner Q18 versi Jerman yang telah digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi gangguan sistem saraf akibat paparan pelarut organik. Instrumen penelitian dinyatakan valid dan reliabel berdasarkan penggunaan instrumen baku pada penelitian sebelumnya. Analisis data dilakukan secara univariat dan bivariat menggunakan uji chi-square dengan tingkat signifikansi 95% (α=0,05). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar pekerja berusia 41–59 tahun (46,7%), tidak menggunakan masker (70,0%), tidak merokok (70,0%), dan memiliki masa kerja 1–10 tahun (56,7%). Sebanyak 36,7% pekerja mengalami gejala neurotoksik. Hasil uji statistik menunjukkan adanya hubungan antara usia (p-value=0,002) dan masa kerja (p-value =<0,001) dengan gejala neurotoksik, sedangkan penggunaan masker dan kebiasaan merokok tidak menunjukkan hubungan yang signifikan. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa usia dan masa kerja berhubungan dengan gejala neurotoksik pada pekerja industri percetakan.
Relationship Between Individual Characteristics and Neurotoxic Symptoms in Printing Industry Workers
Abstract
The printing industry is one of the industries at risk of exposure to chemical substances such as benzene, toluene, and xylene, which may cause health problems in the form of neurotoxic symptoms among workers. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between individual characteristics and neurotoxic symptoms among printing industry workers. This research was an analytical observational study with a cross-sectional approach conducted among printing industry workers in Klaten Regency, Central Java, from January to April 2026. The study sample consisted of 30 workers determined using the Central Limit Theorem (CLT) principle with a stratified random sampling technique based on work areas. Data were collected through questionnaires on individual characteristics and neurotoxic symptoms using the German version of the Q18 questionnaire, which has been used to identify nervous system disorders caused by exposure to organic solvents. The research instrument was declared valid and reliable based on the use of standardized instruments in previous studies. Data analysis was performed using univariate and bivariate analyses with the chi-square test at a 95% significance level (α=0.05). The results showed that most workers were aged 41–59 years (46.7%), did not use masks (70.0%), did not smoke (70.0%), and had a working period of 1–10 years (56.7%). A total of 36.7% of workers experienced neurotoxic symptoms. Statistical analysis showed a relationship between age (p-value=0.002) and working period (p-value<0.001) with neurotoxic symptoms, while mask use and smoking habits were not significantly associated. This study concludes that age and working period are associated with neurotoxic symptoms among printing industry workers.
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