Peran Komposisi Lignoselulosa dalam Menentukan Karakter Termokimia dan Kualitas Energi Briket Arang Berbasis Pelepah Aren (Arenga pinnata Merr.)
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Pelepah aren (Arenga pinnata Merr.) merupakan limbah biomassa lignoselulosa yang berpotensi dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan baku briket arang berbasis biomassa lokal. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis komposisi lignoselulosa pelepah aren sebagai dasar awal penilaian potensi bahan baku karbonisasi. Penelitian ini merupakan studi deskriptif-komposisional yang dilaksanakan pada Januari–Maret 2026 menggunakan sampel pelepah aren dari kawasan HKm Aik Bual, Lombok Tengah, Nusa Tenggara Barat. Analisis kimia meliputi kadar holoselulosa, α-selulosa, dan lignin menggunakan metode standar analisis biomassa. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif menggunakan rata-rata, standar deviasi (SD), dan koefisien variasi (CV). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kandungan holoselulosa 73,75%, α-selulosa 43,42%, dan lignin 30,71%. Komposisi tersebut menunjukkan dominasi fraksi karbohidrat struktural dengan kandungan lignin relatif tinggi. Berdasarkan karakter kimianya, pelepah aren mengindikasikan potensi sebagai bahan baku pembentukan arang melalui karbonisasi; namun penelitian ini belum mencakup uji karbonisasi, analisis proksimat, nilai kalor, karakterisasi pori, maupun performa pembakaran. Oleh karena itu, potensi pelepah aren sebagai bahan baku briket arang perlu divalidasi lebih lanjut melalui produksi briket dan pengujian mutu bahan bakar padat secara eksperimental.
The Role of Lignocellulosic Composition in Determining the Thermochemical Characteristics and Energy Quality of Charcoal Briquettes Based on Sugar Palm Fronds (Arenga pinnata Merr.)
Abstract
Sugar palm fronds (Arenga pinnata Merr.) are lignocellulosic biomass residues with potential use as a raw material for charcoal briquettes based on local biomass resources. This study aimed to analyze the lignocellulosic composition of sugar palm fronds as an initial basis for assessing their potential as a carbonization feedstock. This research was designed as a descriptive-compositional study conducted from January to March 2026 using sugar palm frond samples collected from the Aik Bual Community Forest area, Central Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. Chemical analysis included the determination of holocellulose, α-cellulose, and lignin contents using standard biomass analysis methods. The data were analyzed descriptively using the mean, standard deviation (SD), and coefficient of variation (CV). The results showed that sugar palm fronds contained 73.75% holocellulose, 43.42% α-cellulose, and 30.71% lignin. This composition indicates the dominance of structural carbohydrate fractions with a relatively high lignin content. Based on these chemical characteristics, sugar palm fronds indicate potential as a raw material for charcoal formation through carbonization. However, this study did not include carbonization trials, proximate analysis, calorific value measurement, pore characterization, or combustion performance testing. Therefore, the potential of sugar palm fronds as a raw material for charcoal briquettes needs to be further validated through actual briquette production and experimental testing of solid fuel quality.
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