Analisis Kemampuan Penalaran Matematis Siswa dalam Menyelesaikan Soal Cerita Matematika pada Materi Peluang
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Kemampuan penalaran matematis merupakan salah satu kompetensi penting yang harus dimiliki siswa dalam pembelajaran matematika karena berperan dalam memahami masalah, menentukan strategi penyelesaian, melakukan manipulasi matematika, dan menarik kesimpulan secara logis. Namun, kemampuan penalaran matematis siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal cerita pada materi peluang masih tergolong rendah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kemampuan penalaran matematis siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal cerita pada materi peluang. Hasil validasi instrumen oleh validator menunjukkan rata-rata skor validitas sebesar 3,625 dengan persentase validitas 90,625% sehingga termasuk dalam kategori sangat valid dan layak digunakan dalam penelitian. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui tes, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Analisis data menggunakan model Miles dan Huberman yang meliputi reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan penalaran matematis siswa masih berada pada kategori rendah. Rata-rata skor pada indikator memahami masalah sebesar 1,52, menentukan strategi penyelesaian sebesar 0,88, melakukan manipulasi matematika sebesar 1,21, dan menarik kesimpulan sebesar 0,30. Indikator memahami masalah memperoleh capaian tertinggi, sedangkan indikator menarik kesimpulan memperoleh capaian terendah. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa siswa masih mengalami kesulitan dalam menentukan strategi penyelesaian, menerapkan konsep peluang secara tepat, dan mengomunikasikan hasil penyelesaian dalam bentuk kesimpulan yang sesuai dengan konteks soal. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan pembelajaran yang lebih menekankan pada pengembangan kemampuan penalaran matematis melalui aktivitas pemecahan masalah dan penyelesaian soal kontekstual.
Analysis of students' mathematical reasoning ability in solving math story problems on the material of chance
Abstract
Mathematical reasoning ability is one of the essential competencies that students must possess in mathematics learning because it plays an important role in understanding problems, determining solution strategies, performing mathematical manipulations, and drawing logical conclusions. However, students' mathematical reasoning abilities in solving word problems on probability topics remain relatively low. This study aimed to describe students' mathematical reasoning abilities in solving word problems on probability material. The instrument validation results showed an average validity score of 3.625 with a validity percentage of 90.625%, indicating that the instrument was highly valid and appropriate for use in the study. Data were collected through tests, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis was conducted using the Miles and Huberman model, including data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings revealed that students' mathematical reasoning abilities were generally categorized as low. The average scores for the indicators were 1.52 for understanding problems, 0.88 for determining solution strategies, 1.21 for performing mathematical manipulations, and 0.30 for drawing conclusions. The highest achievement was found in the understanding problems indicator, while the lowest was in drawing conclusions. The results indicate that students experienced difficulties in determining appropriate solution strategies, applying probability concepts correctly, and communicating solutions through conclusions that corresponded to the context of the problem. Therefore, mathematics learning should place greater emphasis on developing students' mathematical reasoning abilities through problem-solving activities and contextual mathematical tasks.
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