Determinan Keputusan Partisipasi Petani dalam Program Asuransi Usaha Tani Padi (AUTP)

Program Asuransi Usaha Tani Padi (AUTP) merupakan instrumen manajemen risiko yang dikembangkan pemerintah untuk melindungi petani dari kerugian akibat banjir, kekeringan, dan serangan organisme pengganggu tumbuhan. Namun, tingkat partisipasi petani dalam program ini masih relatif rendah, sementara kajian mengenai partisipasi petani, khususnya pada wilayah pertanian lahan kering, masih terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi dan mengelompokkan determinan yang memengaruhi keputusan partisipasi petani dalam AUTP serta menganalisis arah pengaruh dan tingkat konsistensi masing-masing determinan berdasarkan hasil penelitian terdahulu. Penelitian menggunakan metode scoping review mengacu pada pedoman PRISMA-ScR. Literatur ditelusuri dari berbagai basis data, yaitu Google Scholar, Garuda, DOAJ, ProQuest, Springer, Frontiers, dan ResearchGate pada periode publikasi 2016–2026. Sebanyak 25 artikel yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dianalisis menggunakan thematic analysis untuk mengidentifikasi pola dan tema utama yang muncul dalam penelitian terkait. Hasil sintesis menunjukkan bahwa determinan partisipasi petani dalam AUTP dapat dikelompokkan ke dalam empat kategori utama, yaitu faktor sosial-demografis, ekonomi dan agronomis, kelembagaan dan akses informasi, serta persepsi dan risiko perilaku petani. Faktor yang paling konsisten berpengaruh positif adalah tingkat pendidikan, akses informasi dan sosialisasi, peran penyuluh, keanggotaan kelompok tani, pengalaman gagal panen, serta persepsi terhadap manfaat dan risiko AUTP. Sebaliknya, kompleksitas prosedur klaim, persepsi premi yang mahal, adverse selection, dan moral hazard menjadi faktor penghambat utama. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan partisipasi petani memerlukan penguatan literasi, kelembagaan, dan kepercayaan terhadap program. Selain itu, masih terdapat kesenjangan penelitian pada wilayah pertanian lahan kering yang memerlukan perhatian lebih lanjut.

Determinants of Farmers' Decisions to Participate in the Rice Farming Insurance Program

Abstract

The Rice Farming Insurance Program (AUTP) is a risk management instrument developed by the Indonesian government to protect farmers from losses caused by floods, droughts, and plant pest and disease outbreaks. However, farmer participation in this program remains relatively low, while studies examining farmer participation, particularly in dryland agricultural areas, are still limited. This study aims to identify and classify the determinants influencing farmers’ decisions to participate in AUTP and to analyze the direction and consistency of these determinants based on previous research findings. The study employed a scoping review approach following the PRISMA-ScR guidelines. Literature was collected from several databases, including Google Scholar, Garuda, DOAJ, ProQuest, Springer, Frontiers, and ResearchGate, covering publications from 2016 to 2026. A total of 25 articles meeting the inclusion criteria were analyzed using thematic analysis to identify recurring patterns and key themes across the selected studies. The synthesis revealed that the determinants of farmer participation in AUTP can be grouped into four main categories: socio-demographic factors, economic and agronomic factors, institutional and information access factors, and farmers’ perceptions and behavioral risk factors. The most consistently positive determinants were education level, access to information and socialization activities, the role of agricultural extension agents, farmer group membership, previous crop failure experience, and perceptions of the benefits and risks of AUTP. In contrast, complex claim procedures, perceptions of high insurance premiums, adverse selection, and moral hazard were identified as major barriers to participation. These findings indicate that increasing farmer participation requires strengthening agricultural insurance literacy, institutional support, and trust in the program. In addition, significant research gaps remain regarding dryland agricultural areas, warranting further investigation.