Penggunaan Bahasa di Media Sosial: Kajian Fonologi
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Media sosial telah menjadi sarana komunikasi yang sangat dominan dalam kehidupan masyarakat modern. Kehadiran berbagai platform seperti WhatsApp, Instagram, Facebook, TikTok, dan X (Twitter) memungkinkan pengguna berinteraksi secara cepat dan praktis. Dalam proses komunikasi tersebut, muncul berbagai bentuk penggunaan bahasa yang berbeda dari kaidah bahasa Indonesia baku. Perubahan tersebut tidak hanya terjadi pada aspek kosakata dan struktur kalimat, tetapi juga pada aspek fonologi atau bunyi bahasa. Fenomena fonologis yang muncul di media sosial antara lain penghilangan fonem, penambahan fonem, perubahan fonem, pemanjangan bunyi, penggunaan singkatan yang mencerminkan pelafalan tertentu, serta adaptasi bunyi dari bahasa asing. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan bentuk-bentuk fenomena fonologis yang terdapat dalam penggunaan bahasa di media sosial serta menjelaskan dampaknya terhadap perkembangan bahasa Indonesia. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data berupa dokumentasi terhadap unggahan, komentar, dan percakapan pada berbagai platform media sosial. Data dianalisis berdasarkan teori fonologi yang mencakup fonem, alofon, proses fonologis, dan variasi bunyi bahasa. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa media sosial menjadi ruang yang mendorong munculnya berbagai variasi fonologis sebagai bentuk kreativitas pengguna bahasa. Bentuk-bentuk tersebut antara lain penghilangan bunyi pada kata tertentu, perubahan bunyi untuk menciptakan kesan santai dan akrab, serta penggunaan ejaan yang meniru pengucapan sehari-hari. Fenomena tersebut menunjukkan bahwa bahasa bersifat dinamis dan selalu mengalami perkembangan sesuai dengan kebutuhan komunikasi masyarakat. Namun, penggunaan bentuk-bentuk fonologis yang tidak sesuai dengan kaidah bahasa Indonesia secara terus-menerus juga berpotensi memengaruhi kemampuan pengguna dalam menggunakan bahasa baku pada situasi formal.
The Use of Language on Social Media: A Phonological Study
Abstract
Social media has become a dominant means of communication in modern society. Platforms such as WhatsApp, Instagram, Facebook, TikTok, and X (Twitter) allow users to interact quickly and conveniently. This communication process has led to the emergence of various forms of language use that differ from standard Indonesian. These changes occur not only in vocabulary and sentence structure but also in phonology, or the sounds of the language. Phonological phenomena that emerge on social media include phoneme deletion, phoneme addition, phoneme changes, sound elongation, the use of abbreviations that reflect specific pronunciations, and the adaptation of sounds from foreign languages. This study aims to describe the forms of phonological phenomena found in language use on social media and explain their impact on the development of the Indonesian language. The method used is a descriptive qualitative method with data collection techniques in the form of documentation of posts, comments, and conversations on various social media platforms. Data are analyzed based on phonological theory, which includes phonemes, allophones, phonological processes, and sound variation. The results of the study indicate that social media has become a space that encourages the emergence of various phonological variations as a form of language user creativity. These forms include the omission of sounds in certain words, changes in sounds to create a relaxed and familiar impression, and the use of spellings that mimic everyday pronunciation. This phenomenon demonstrates that language is dynamic and constantly evolving according to the communication needs of society. However, the continued use of phonological forms that do not conform to Indonesian language rules also has the potential to affect users' ability to use standard language in formal situations.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Lili Suryaningsih, Nuralika Nuralika, Farah Fazira, Jainatun Fadilah, Rabiatul Adwiah

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