Pengaruh Star Drill dan Z-Pattern Run terhadap Kelincahan Pemain Futsal
Downloads
How to Cite
Kelincahan merupakan komponen biomotor penting dalam futsal karena pemain harus mampu bergerak cepat, mengubah arah, melakukan akselerasi, deselerasi, dan mempertahankan kontrol tubuh dalam ruang permainan yang terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh latihan Star Drill dan Z-Pattern Run terhadap kelincahan pemain futsal SMPN 8 Mataram serta membandingkan efektivitas kedua bentuk latihan tersebut. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan desain pretest-posttest pada dua kelompok perlakuan. Sampel terdiri atas 14 pemain futsal yang dibagi menjadi kelompok Star Drill dan kelompok Z-Pattern Run, masing-masing berjumlah 7 pemain. Kelincahan diukur menggunakan tes shuttle run dalam satuan detik, kemudian data dianalisis menggunakan uji normalitas Shapiro-Wilk, paired sample t-test, independent sample t-test, dan effect size. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa latihan Star Drill menurunkan rata-rata waktu dari 14,8386 menjadi 14,0757 detik, sedangkan latihan Z-Pattern Run menurunkan rata-rata waktu dari 14,4171 menjadi 13,5843 detik. Kedua latihan memberikan pengaruh signifikan terhadap peningkatan kelincahan dengan nilai signifikansi 0,000. Namun, perbandingan nilai gain menunjukkan tidak terdapat perbesdaan efektivitas yang signifikan antara Star Drill dan Z-Pattern Run dengan nilai signifikansi 0,442. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa kedua latihan dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif latihan kelincahan yang efektif, praktis, dan aplikatif bagi pemain futsal tingkat sekolah.
Effects of Star Drill and Z-Pattern Run on Futsal Players’ Agility
Abstract
Agility is an essential biomotor component in futsal because players are required to move rapidly, change direction, accelerate, decelerate, and maintain body control within a limited playing area. This study aimed to examine the effects of Star Drill and Z-Pattern Run training on the agility of futsal players at SMPN 8 Mataram and to compare the effectiveness of the two training methods. A quantitative approach with a two-group pretest-posttest design was employed. The sample consisted of 14 futsal players who were divided into a Star Drill group and a Z-Pattern Run group, with 7 players in each group. Agility was measured using the shuttle run test in seconds, and the data were analyzed using the Shapiro-Wilk normality test, paired sample t-test, independent sample t-test, and effect size analysis. The findings showed that Star Drill training reduced the mean time from 14.8386 to 14.0757 seconds, while Z-Pattern Run training reduced the mean time from 14.4171 to 13.5843 seconds. Both training methods significantly improved agility, with a significance value of 0.000. However, the comparison of gain scores indicated no significant difference in effectiveness between Star Drill and Z-Pattern Run, with a significance value of 0.442. These findings indicate that both training models can be used as effective, practical, and field-applicable alternatives for improving agility among school-level futsal players.
Ahluwalia, A. A., & Ramteke, S. U. (2025). Effect of modified progressive Copenhagen exercise versus sliding hip exercise in adjunct to conventional physiotherapy on strength, core stability and agility in futsal athletes: A study protocol for randomised controlled trial. BMJ Open Sport and Exercise Medicine, 11(3). https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjsem-2025-002726
Ahmad-Shushami, A. H., & Abdul-Karim, S. (2020). Incidence of football and futsal injuries among youth in Malaysian games 2018. Malaysian Orthopaedic Journal, 14(1), 28–33. https://doi.org/10.5704/MOJ.2003.005
Ahmed, H., Davison, G., & Dixon, D. (2017). Analysis of activity patterns, physiological demands and decision-making performance of elite futsal referees during matches. International Journal of Performance Analysis in Sport, 17(5), 737–751. https://doi.org/10.1080/24748668.2017.1399321
Aizava, P. V. S., Codonhato, R., & Fiorese, L. (2023). Association of self-efficacy and mental toughness with sport performance in Brazilian futsal athletes. Frontiers in Psychology, 14. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1195721
Albalad-Aiguabella, R., Navarrete-Villanueva, D., Mainer-Pardos, E., Villanueva-Guerrero, O., Muniz-Pardos, B., & Vicente-Rodriguez, G. (2025). Physical training considerations for futsal players according to strength and conditioning coaches: A qualitative study. Sports, 13(4). https://doi.org/10.3390/sports13040126
Álvarez-Kurogi, L. (2020). Analysis of the technical-tactical ball offensive of the Spanish team of futsal. Revista Internacional de Medicina y Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deporte, 20(79), 453–470. https://doi.org/10.15366/rimcafd2020.79.005
Alvarez Medina, J., Murillo Lorente, V., Gimenez Salillas, L., & Manonelles Marqueta, P. (2016). Modifying training volume and intensity to prevent futsal injuries. Revista Internacional de Medicina y Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deporte, 16(61), 85–97. https://doi.org/10.15366/rimcafd2016.61.007
Alvarez Medina, J., Murillo Lorente, V., Ramirez San Jose, J., & Nuviala Nuviala, A. (2021). Construction and validation of an observational analysis tool in futsal (OAF-I). Revista Internacional de Medicina y Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deporte, 21(84), 639–651. https://doi.org/10.15366/rimcafd2021.84.001
Alves, M. A. R., Da Graca, D. C., & Travassos, B. (2022). Construction and validation of an observation tool of the imbalance pass in futsal. Revista Brasileira de Cineantropometria e Desempenho Humano, 24. https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-0037.2022v24e77265
Amani-Shalamzari, S., Farhani, F., Rajabi, H., Abbasi, A., Sarikhani, A., Paton, C., Bayati, M., Berdejo-Del-Fresno, D., Rosemann, T., Nikolaidis, P. T., & Knechtle, B. (2019). Blood flow restriction during futsal training increases muscle activation and strength. Frontiers in Physiology, 10(MAY). https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2019.00614
Amiq, F., Setiyono, H., Lesmana, H. S., Dafun, P. B., Ayubi, N., & Robiansyah, M. F. (2024). Audio-visual video based circuit training model development design in futsal sports. Sport TK, 13. https://doi.org/10.6018/sportk.573111
Andrianto, S. D., Nopembri, S., Kriswanto, E. S., Garcia-Jimenez, J. V., & Nanda, F. A. (2023). Development of a decision making assessment application for recruitment of young futsal athletes in Indonesia. Fizjoterapia Polska, 23(5), 356–364. https://doi.org/10.56984/8ZG20B369
Angoorani, H., Haratian, Z., Farmanara, H., & Jahani, P. (2021). Lower physical fitness is associated with injuries in Iranian national futsal teams: A prospective study. Asian Journal of Sports Medicine, 12(3). https://doi.org/10.5812/ASJSM.110778
Asmara, M., Prasetyo, Y., Suhartini, B., Pamungkas, G., & Shodiq, B. (2025). The mediating role of anthropometric improvements in the effects of resistance training on speed, strength, and power in U20 futsal athletes. Physical Education Theory and Methodology, 25(4), 825–834. https://doi.org/10.17309/tmfv.2025.4.10
Asurmendi, I., Oficialdegui, M., & Marin, P. J. (2025). Gender-specific relationships between ankle mobility, foot strength, and trunk control in futsal players: A cross-sectional study. Journal of Musculoskeletal Neuronal Interactions, 25(3), 258–265. https://doi.org/10.22540/JMNI-25-258
Atakan, M. M., Karavelioglu, M. B., Harmanci, H., Cook, M., & Bulut, S. (2019). Short term creatine loading without weight gain improves sprint, agility and leg strength performance in female futsal players. Science and Sports, 34(5), 321–327. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scispo.2018.11.003
Ayala, F., Sainz de Baranda, P., De Ste Croix, M., & Santonja, F. (2011). Criterion-related validity of four clinical tests used to measure hamstring flexibility in professional futsal players. Physical Therapy in Sport, 12(4), 175–181. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ptsp.2011.02.005
Ayala, F., Sainz de Baranda, P., De Ste Croix, M., & Santonja, F. (2012). Absolute reliability of five clinical tests for assessing hamstring flexibility in professional futsal players. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 15(2), 142–147. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2011.10.002
Barbero-Alvarez, J. C., Soto, V. M., Barbero-Alvarez, V., & Granda-Vera, J. (2008). Match analysis and heart rate of futsal players during competition. Journal of Sports Sciences, 26(1), 63–73. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640410701287289
Bedo, B. L. S., Cesar, G. M., Vieira, A. M., Vieira, L. H. P., Catelli, D. S., Andrade, V. L., & Santiago, P. R. P. (2022). Knee joint kinematics during the sidestep maneuver in professional futsal athletes: Effect of sport-specific sidestep cutting. Science and Sports, 37(3), 213.e1–213.e8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scispo.2021.03.013
Bedo, B. L. S., Cesar, G. M., Soares, W. T. E., Catelli, D. S., Marques, J. B., Gomes, M. M., & Santiago, P. R. P. (2023). The influence of athletic background, lower limb dominance and cutting angle on the center of mass kinematics during a sidestep cutting task. Brazilian Journal of Motor Behavior, 17(1), 39–47. https://doi.org/10.20338/bjmb.v17i1.294
Bekris, E., Gioldasis, A., Gissis, I., Katis, A., Mitrousis, I., & Mylonis, E. (2022). Effects of a futsal game on metabolic, hormonal, and muscle damage indicators of male futsal players. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 36(2), 545–550. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000003466
Belo, J., Valente-dos-Santos, J., Pereira, J. R., Duarte-Mendes, P., M. Gamonales, J., & Paulo, R. (2024). Study of body composition and motor skills of futsal athletes of different competitive levels. Sports, 12(5). https://doi.org/10.3390/sports12050137
Bezerra, G. J. S., Gomes, E. D. S., & Correia-Oliveira, C. R. (2022). Caffeine ingestion affects performance in different parts of a novel multidirectional high-intensity intermittent exercise in futsal athletes. Journal of the American Nutrition Association, 41(2), 149–156. https://doi.org/10.1080/07315724.2020.1852450
Borim, J. M., Borghi, S. M., do Nascimento, A. P., da Silva, A. V., Ribeiro, A. S., Casonatto, J., Ferraresi, C., & Aguiar, A. F. (2025). Acute dose-response effect of photobiomodulation therapy on muscle performance in female futsal players: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study. Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies, 41, 35–43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbmt.2024.11.006
Branquinho, L., Ferraz, R., Teixeira, J., Neiva, H. P., Sortweel, A., Forte, P., Marinho, D. A., & Marques, M. C. (2022). Effects of a plyometric training program in sub-elite futsal players during pre-season period. International Journal of Kinesiology and Sports Science, 10(2), 42–50. https://doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijkss.v.10n.2p.42
Burdukiewicz, A., Pietraszewska, J., Stachon, A., Chromik, K., & Golinski, D. (2014). The anthropometric characteristics of futsal players compared with professional soccer players. Human Movement, 15(2), 93–99. https://doi.org/10.2478/humo-2014-0008
Callejas-Cuervo, M., Pineda-Rojas, J. A., & Daza-Wittinghan, W. A. (2020). Analysis of ball interception velocity in futsal goalkeepers. Journal of Human Sport and Exercise, 15, S735–S747. https://doi.org/10.14198/jhse.2020.15.Proc3.24
Clemente, F. M., & Nikolaidis, P. T. (2016). Profile of 1-month training load in male and female football and futsal players. SpringerPlus, 5(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40064-016-2327-x
Costa, F. E., Kons, R. L., Nakamura, F. Y., & Pupo, J. D. (2022). Acute and prolonged effects of the simulated physical demands of a futsal match on lower limb muscle power and strength, sprint performance and muscle soreness. Isokinetics and Exercise Science, 30(3), 211–219. https://doi.org/10.3233/IES-210153
Da Cruz, J. P., Messias, L. H. D., Cetein, R. L., Rasteiro, F. M., Gobatto, C. A., & Manchado-Gobatto, F. B. (2020). Anaerobic and agility parameters of salonists in laboratory and field tests. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 41(7), 450–460. https://doi.org/10.1055/a-1088-5429
Dos Santos Oliveira, L., De Holanda, V. S. B., De Brito-Gomes, J. L., Pontes, N. E. C., De Souza, G. G., Aniceto, R. R., & Perez-Gomez, J. (2019). Are there any differences in the agility performance tests among goalkeepers depending on the type of surface? A crossover study. Human Movement, 20(4), 59–67. https://doi.org/10.5114/hm.2019.85093
Illa, J., Alonso, O., Serpiello, F., Hodder, R., & Reche, X. (2021a). External load demands and positional differences in elite futsal using UWB technology. Apunts. Educación Física y Deportes, 145, 53–59. https://doi.org/10.5672/apunts.2014-0983.es.(2021/3).145.07
Illa, J., Fernandez, D., Reche, X., & Serpiello, F. R. (2021b). Positional differences in the most demanding scenarios of external load variables in elite futsal matches. Frontiers in Psychology, 12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.625126
Irawan, A., Fitranto, N., Hasibuan, M. H., Prabowo, E., Diyananda, D., Sukriadi, S., Paranoan, A., & Ihsani, S. I. (2024). Impact of plyometric training on sprint and agility performance in college-level futsal athletes: A comparative study using hurdle jumps and box jumps. Fizjoterapia Polska, 2024(5), 50–55. https://doi.org/10.56984/8ZG020C68QJ
Karavelioglu, M. B., Harmanci, H., Kaya, M., & Erol, M. (2016). Effects of plyometric training on anaerobic capacity and motor skills in female futsal players. Anthropologist, 23(3), 355–360. https://doi.org/10.1080/09720073.2014.11891955
Lopes, M., Martins, F., Brito, J., Figueiredo, P., Tomas, R., Ribeiro, F., & Travassos, B. (2023). Epidemiology of injuries in elite male futsal players. Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine, 33(5), 527–532. https://doi.org/10.1097/JSM.0000000000001142
Lu, Y.-X., Clemente, F. M., Bezerra, J. P., & Chen, Y.-S. (2018). Training load and recovery status during a short-term overseas training camp in Taiwan futsal players. Human Movement, 19(5), 98–105. https://doi.org/10.5114/hm.2018.83218
Marques, D. L., Travassos, B., Sousa, A. C., Gil, M. H., Ribeiro, J. N., & Marques, M. C. (2019). Effects of low-moderate load high-velocity resistance training on physical performance of under-20 futsal players. Sports, 7(3). https://doi.org/10.3390/sports7030069
Milioni, F., Vieira, L. H. P., Barbieri, R. A., Zagatto, A. M., Nordsborg, N. B., Barbieri, F. A., dos-Santos, J. W., Santiago, R. R. P., & Papoti, M. (2016). Futsal match-related fatigue affects running performance and neuromuscular parameters but not finishing kick speed or accuracy. Frontiers in Physiology, 7(NOV). https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2016.00518
Morais, J. E., Sampaio, T., Oliveira, J. P., Lopes, V. P., & Barbosa, T. M. (2024). Characterization of the lower limb dynamic balance and ankle dorsiflexion in young male futsal players: Implications for performance and injury prevention. Journal of Men’s Health, 20(6), 12–20. https://doi.org/10.22514/jomh.2024.085
Oliveira, J. P., Marinho, D. A., Sampaio, T., Carvalho, S., Martins, H., & Morais, J. E. (2025). Characterization and comparison of athletic performance and change of direction deficit across youth futsal age groups. Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology, 10(2). https://doi.org/10.3390/jfmk10020103
Pauli, P. H., de Borba, E. F., da Silva, M. P., Martins, M. V. S., Batista, M. M., & Tartaruga, M. P. (2024). Effects of complex and contrast training on strength, power, and agility in professional futsal players: A preliminary study. Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise, 6(4), 378–385. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42978-023-00238-9
Putra, R. A., Agus, A., Bahtra, R., Kurniawan, R., Makadada, F. A., Perdana, G. S., Lolowang, D. M., Mangolo, E. W., Ayubi, N., Ndayisenga, J., Sibomana, A., & Jean-Berchmans, B. (2024). The effect of combination of cone drill (zigzag) with core stability, combination of ladder drill (snake jump) with core stability, and speed on agility of futsal players: A factorial experimental design. Retos, 58, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v58.105462
Putra, R. A., Orhan, B. E., Nusri, A., Kurniawan, R., Ayubi, N., & Geanta, V. A. (2025). The effect of a six-week intervention using small-sided games (SSG), ladder drill, and dynamic balance on agility of young futsal players. Physical Education Theory and Methodology, 25(5), 1237–1247. https://doi.org/10.17309/tmfv.2025.5.23
Rebelo, M., Marques, C., Crisostomo, R., Batista, M., Paulo, R., Rocha, J., & Serrano, J. (2024). The influence of futsal players’ initial physical condition on the occurrence of injuries. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 45(12), 917–922. https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2363-1885
Rosdiana, F., & Sidik, D. Z. (2023). The effect of resistance band ladder drill training pattern using interval and pyramid methods on aerobic ability improvement in futsal. International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences, 11(2), 457–462. https://doi.org/10.13189/saj.2023.110224
Satria, M. H., Juhanis, J., Da’i, M., Isnaini, L. M. Y., Anam, K., & Dwijayanti, K. (2024). Effectiveness of circuit and fartlek exercises to increase aerobic endurance in adolescent futsal players. International Journal of Disabilities Sports and Health Sciences, 7(4), 782–795. https://doi.org/10.33438/ijdshs.1461483
Selin, K. A., Antari, N. K. A. J., Sugiritama, I. W., & Widnyana, M. (2024). The relationship between agility and dribbling skills among futsal players. Physical Therapy Journal of Indonesia, 5(1), 77–80. https://doi.org/10.51559/ptji.v5i1.195
Serrano, C., Sanchez-Sanchez, J., Lopez-Fernandez, J., Hernando, E., & Gallardo, L. (2020). Influence of the playing surface on changes of direction and plantar pressures during an agility test in youth futsal players. European Journal of Sport Science, 20(7), 906–914. https://doi.org/10.1080/17461391.2019.1677780
Stochi de Oliveira, R., & Borin, J. P. (2021). Monitoring and behavior of biomotor skills in futsal athletes during a season. Frontiers in Psychology, 12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.661262
Tomsovsky, L., Reid, D., Whatman, C., Borotkanics, R., & Fulcher, M. (2021). The effect of a neuromuscular warm-up on the injury rates in New Zealand amateur futsal players. Physical Therapy in Sport, 48, 128–135. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ptsp.2020.12.015
Villanueva-Guerrero, O., Lozano, D., Roso-Moliner, A., Nobari, H., Lago-Fuentes, C., & Mainer-Pardos, E. (2024). Effects of different strength and velocity training programs on physical performance in youth futsal players. Heliyon, 10(10). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30747
Wiranata, F. A., Kusuma, I. D. M. A. W., Phanpheng, Y., Bulqini, A., & Prianto, D. A. (2023). The effect of 6 weeks of combination of three cone exercise using ball and high-intensity interval training on the agility and dribbling ability of student futsal athletes. Physical Education Theory and Methodology, 23(5), 686–691. https://doi.org/10.17309/tmfv.2023.5.05
Zekri, N., Tajali, S. B., & Ghotbi, N. (2019). Immediate effects of plyometric exercises on speed, balance and jump ability of amateur futsal players: A randomized control trial. Journal of Modern Rehabilitation, 13(4), 227–235. https://doi.org/10.32598/JMR.13.4.229
Copyright (c) 2026 Muhamad Adin; Susi Yundarwati ; Noor Akhmad
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with Empiricism Journal agree to the following terms:
- For all articles published in Empiricism Journal, copyright is retained by the authors. Authors give permission to the publisher to announce the work with conditions. When the manuscript is accepted for publication, the authors agrees to implement a non-exclusive transfer of publishing rights to the journals.
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
