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Inovasi Sistem Ventilasi untuk Pengendalian Karbon Monoksida (CO) pada Aktivitas Thermic Lancing di dalam SAG Mill
Vol. 7 No. 3: September 2026
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Tandilolo, F., & Umar, U. (2026). Inovasi Sistem Ventilasi untuk Pengendalian Karbon Monoksida (CO) pada Aktivitas Thermic Lancing di dalam SAG Mill. Empiricism Journal, 7(3), 3605-3619. https://doi.org/10.36312/ej.v7i3.6151
Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi kinerja ventilasi eksisting, mengembangkan sistem ventilasi inovatif berbasis engineering control, dan merumuskan rekomendasi penguatan prosedur keselamatan selama aktivitas thermic lancing di dalam Semi-Autogenous Grinding (SAG) Mill. Penelitian menggunakan metode campuran dengan desain sekuensial eksplanatori. Pengujian kuantitatif menerapkan eksperimen semu sebelum dan sesudah intervensi melalui pengukuran konsentrasi karbon monoksida (CO), kapasitas aliran udara, dan durasi pembersihan atmosfer (purging). Data kualitatif diperoleh melalui wawancara terhadap 31 informan, observasi lapangan, dan telaah dokumen keselamatan. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa sistem ventilasi eksisting memiliki kapasitas pembuangan 4.094 m³/jam dengan tingkat pertukaran udara (Air Changes per Hour/ACH) nominal sebesar 8,19 kali/jam. Sistem tersebut membutuhkan 25 menit untuk menurunkan konsentrasi CO dari 162 ppm hingga mencapai ≤25 ppm. Setelah inovasi menggunakan blower fan berkapasitas 10.000 m³/jam dan exhaust jet fan 15.480 m³/jam, ACH nominal meningkat menjadi 30,96 kali/jam. Konsentrasi CO menurun dari 224 menjadi 17 ppm dalam lima menit, setara penurunan sebesar 92,4%. Durasi mencapai konsentrasi CO ≤25 ppm berkurang sebesar 80%, sedangkan waktu untuk mencapai pembacaan 0 ppm menurun dari 60 menjadi 10 menit. Temuan ini menunjukkan peningkatan kinerja purging secara deskriptif dan memberikan dasar bagi pengembangan Standard Task Procedure (STP). Validasi melalui pengujian berulang diperlukan untuk memastikan konsistensi efektivitas sistem.
Ventilation System Innovation for Carbon Monoxide (CO) Control on Thermic Lancing Activities inside SAG Mill
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the existing ventilation system, develop an innovative engineering-control-based ventilation configuration, and formulate recommendations for strengthening safety procedures during thermic lancing activities inside a Semi-Autogenous Grinding (SAG) Mill. An explanatory sequential mixed-methods design was employed. The quantitative component used a quasi-experimental pretest–posttest approach to measure carbon monoxide (CO) concentrations, airflow capacity, and atmospheric purging time. Qualitative data were collected through interviews with 31 informants, field observations, and reviews of safety documents. The existing ventilation system had an exhaust airflow capacity of 4,094 m³/h and a nominal air change rate of 8.19 air changes per hour (ACH). It required 25 minutes to reduce CO concentrations from 162 ppm to ≤25 ppm. Following the intervention, an inlet blower fan rated at 10,000 m³/h and an exhaust jet fan rated at 15,480 m³/h increased the nominal ACH to 30.96. CO concentrations decreased from 224 to 17 ppm within five minutes, representing a 92.4% reduction. The time required to reach ≤25 ppm decreased by 80%, while the time to obtain a 0 ppm instrument reading decreased from 60 to 10 minutes. These findings indicate improved descriptive purging performance and provide a basis for developing a dedicated Standard Task Procedure (STP). Further replicated testing is needed to establish the consistency of system effectiveness.
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