Pengembangan Model Pentahelix untuk Penguatan Resiliensi Desa Wisata Bonjeruk
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Pengembangan desa wisata di kawasan rawan guncangan menuntut resiliensi, yaitu kemampuan bertahan, beradaptasi, dan bertransformasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis kondisi eksisting kolaborasi antaraktor pentahelix, mengidentifikasi faktor penguat dan penghambat resiliensi, merumuskan model pengembangan pentahelix untuk penguatan resiliensi, serta menguji kelayakan dan efektivitasnya. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan desain Design Based Research yang disederhanakan, diawali studi pendahuluan fenomenologis melalui wawancara mendalam terhadap sebelas informan dari lima unsur pentahelix, observasi, dan dokumentasi, yang dianalisis secara tematik mengikuti tahapan Colaizzi dan diperkuat analisis faktor strategis internal dan eksternal. Keabsahan data dijaga melalui triangulasi sumber dan teknik serta member checking. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kolaborasi eksisting di Bonjeruk berpola linier-episodik dan belum terlembaga, dengan dimensi sosial sebagai kekuatan utama dan dimensi institusional sebagai kerentanan. Analisis faktor strategis menempatkan Bonjeruk pada posisi pertumbuhan yang perlu dikonsolidasikan dan menghasilkan empat strategi kebijakan resiliensi. Dari temuan tersebut dirumuskan Model Pentahelix Resilien Bonjeruk (MPRB), yaitu model kolaborasi jaring laba-laba yang menempatkan Forum Koordinasi Desa Wisata sebagai pusat operasional, didukung sistem informasi desa wisata sebagai peringatan dini, koperasi desa wisata, dan media center desa, serta berlandaskan awig-awig. Validasi ahli menghasilkan rerata skor 3,50 berkategori sangat layak, dan implementasi terbatas menunjukkan peningkatan koordinasi antaraktor. Penelitian merekomendasikan pelembagaan forum koordinasi melalui payung hukum desa, penguatan ekonomi kolektif, pembangunan sistem deteksi dini, dan tata kelola adaptif berbasis kearifan lokal.
Development of a Pentahelix Model for Strengthening the Resilience of Bonjeruk Tourism Village
Abstract
The development of tourism villages in shock-prone areas requires resilience, namely the ability to survive, adapt, and transform. This study aims to analyze the existing conditions of collaboration among pentahelix actors, identify the factors strengthening and inhibiting resilience, formulate a pentahelix development model for strengthening resilience, and test its feasibility and effectiveness. A qualitative approach with a simplified Design Based Research design was employed, beginning with a phenomenological preliminary study through in-depth interviews with eleven informants representing the five pentahelix elements, observation, and documentation, analyzed thematically following Colaizzi's stages and reinforced by an analysis of internal and external strategic factors. Data validity was maintained through source and technique triangulation and member checking. The results show that the existing collaboration in Bonjeruk follows a linear-episodic pattern and is not yet institutionalized, with the social dimension as its main strength and the institutional dimension as its vulnerability. The strategic factor analysis places Bonjeruk in a growth position that needs consolidation and yields four resilience policy strategies. Based on these findings, the Bonjeruk Resilient Pentahelix Model (MPRB) was formulated, namely a spider-web collaboration model positioning the Tourism Village Coordination Forum as the operational center, supported by a tourism village information system as an early warning system, a tourism village cooperative, and a village media center, and grounded in awig-awig customary norms. Expert validation produced an average score of 3.50 in the highly feasible category, and limited implementation demonstrated improved coordination among actors. The study recommends institutionalizing the coordination forum through village legal instruments, strengthening the collective economy, developing an early warning system, and adaptive governance based on local wisdom.
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