Tata Kelola Kolaboratif dalam Penanganan Gangguan Listrik Akibat Cuaca Ekstrem: Studi pada PT PLN (Persero) dan BMKG di Kota Lhokseumawe
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Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh seringnya terjadi gangguan listrik akibat cuaca ekstrem di Kota Lhokseumawe yang berdampak pada aktivitas masyarakat dan kualitas pelayanan publik. Penanganan gangguan tersebut membutuhkan kerja sama antarlembaga melalui pendekatan tata kelola kolaboratif. Meskipun kajian collaborative governance telah berkembang pada penanggulangan bencana, pelayanan publik, dan ketahanan infrastruktur, belum banyak kajian yang menjelaskan bagaimana informasi peringatan cuaca diterjemahkan menjadi koordinasi operasional untuk menjaga kontinuitas layanan listrik pada tingkat kota. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tata kelola kolaboratif antara PT PLN (Persero) dan BMKG dalam penanganan gangguan listrik akibat cuaca ekstrem serta mengidentifikasi faktor pendukung dan penghambat pelaksanaannya. Penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi, dan studi dokumentasi terhadap informan dari PT PLN (Persero), BMKG, dan masyarakat terdampak. Analisis data dilakukan melalui reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tata kelola kolaboratif dalam penanganan gangguan listrik akibat cuaca ekstrem di Kota Lhokseumawe belum berjalan optimal. Koordinasi antara PT PLN (Persero) dan BMKG masih terbatas dan belum didukung mekanisme kerja sama khusus maupun standar operasional prosedur (SOP) yang terintegrasi. Informasi cuaca yang digunakan PT PLN (Persero) masih bersumber dari informasi umum yang dipublikasikan BMKG. Faktor pendukung kolaborasi meliputi keterbukaan informasi cuaca dan partisipasi masyarakat dalam pelaporan gangguan listrik, sedangkan faktor penghambat meliputi lemahnya koordinasi antarlembaga, belum adanya forum komunikasi khusus, dan keterbatasan mekanisme kolaborasi formal.
Collaborative Governance in Handling Power Outages Caused by Extreme Weather: A Study of PT PLN (Persero) and BMKG in Lhokseumawe City
Abstract
This study was motivated by the frequent occurrence of power outages caused by extreme weather in Lhokseumawe City, which affect community activities and the quality of public services. Handling these disruptions requires inter-institutional cooperation through a collaborative governance approach. Although collaborative governance research has expanded across disaster management, public services, and infrastructure resilience, limited attention has been given to how weather-warning information is translated into operational coordination to maintain electricity service continuity at the city level. This study aims to analyze the collaborative governance between PT PLN (Persero) and the Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysics Agency (BMKG) in handling power outages caused by extreme weather, as well as to identify the supporting and inhibiting factors in its implementation. This study employed a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation involving informants from PT PLN (Persero), BMKG, and the affected community. Data were analyzed through data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The results show that collaborative governance in handling power outages caused by extreme weather in Lhokseumawe City has not been implemented optimally. Coordination between PT PLN (Persero) and BMKG remains limited and is not yet supported by a specific cooperation mechanism or an integrated standard operating procedure (SOP). The weather information used by PT PLN (Persero) is still derived from general information published by BMKG. Supporting factors include open weather information and community participation in reporting outages, while inhibiting factors include weak inter-agency coordination, the absence of a dedicated communication forum, and limited formal collaboration mechanisms.
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