Hubungan Beban Kerja dan Dukungan Sosial terhadap Stres Kerja pada Pekerja: Systematic Literature Review
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Stres kerja menjadi salah satu permasalahan yang sering dialami pekerja akibat meningkatnya tuntutan pekerjaan dan ketidakseimbangan antara beban kerja dengan sumber daya yang tersedia di lingkungan kerja. Kondisi tersebut dapat berdampak terhadap kesehatan psikologis, kesejahteraan, dan produktivitas pekerja. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara beban kerja dan dukungan sosial terhadap stres kerja pada pekerja berdasarkan hasil penelitian terdahulu. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian Systematic Literature Review (SLR) dengan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Subjek peneltiian berupa artikel ilmiah yang diperoleh dari database Scopus, ScienceDirect, dan Pubmed dengan rentang bulikasi tahun 2021-2026. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposice sampling berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi yang telah ditetapkan. Instrumen penelitian berupa lembar checklist ekstraksi data yang telah disusun berdasarkan aspek karakteristik artikel, metode penelitian, dan hasil penelitian, validitas instrumen dijaga melalui validitas isi, sedangkan reliabilitas dilakukan melalui pengecekan ulang terhadap hasil ekstraksi data. Analisis data dilakukan melalui reduksi data, penyajian data, dan sintesis naratif. Hasil kajian terhadap 10 artikel menunjukkan bahwa beban kerja berhubungan negatif terhadap stres kerja. Dukungan sosial berperan sebagai faktor protektif yang membantu pekerja menghadapi tuntutan pekerjaan. Dengan demikian, keseimbangan antara beban kerja dan dukungan sosial menjadi faktor penting dalam pengelolaan stres kerja pada pekerja.
The Relationship Between Workload and Social Support on Work Stress Among Workers: Systematic Literature Review
Abstract
Work stress is a common problem experienced by workers due to increasing job demands and an imbalance between workload and available resources in the workplace. This condition may negatively affect workers’ psychological health, well-being, and productivity. This study aims to analyze the relationship between workload and social support on work stress among workers based on previous research findings. This study employed a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) with a descriptive qualitative approach. The research subjects consisted of scientific articles obtained from the Scopus, ScienceDirect, and PubMed databases published between 2020 and 2025. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling based on predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The research instrument was a data extraction checklist developed to identify article characteristics, research methods, and research findings. The validity of the instrument was maintained through content validity, while reliability was ensured through repeated verification of extracted data. Data analysis was conducted through data reduction, data presentation, and narrative synthesis. The review of 10 selected articles showed that workload had a positive relationship with work stress, while social support had a negative relationship with work stress. Social support acts as a protective factor that helps workers cope with job demands. Therefore, maintaining a balance between workload and social support is an important factor in managing work stress among workers.
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