Efektivitas Problem-Based Learning (PBL) dalam Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar dan Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis: Sebuah Studi Komparatif
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36312/jar.v3i1.1370Keywords:
Problem Based Learning, critical thinking, learning outcomesAbstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas Problem-Based Learning (PBL) dibandingkan dengan metode pembelajaran konvensional dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar dan keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa. Penelitian ini melibatkan dua kelompok siswa: kelompok Eksperimen yang menerima PBL dan kelompok Kontrol yang mengikuti metode konvensional. Skor pretest dan posttest dianalisis menggunakan uji Mann-Whitney U. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa kelompok Eksperimen memiliki skor posttest rata-rata 46,5 dalam hasil belajar, dibandingkan dengan 44,7 pada kelompok Kontrol, tanpa perbedaan yang signifikan (U=216, p=0,131, rank biserial correlation = 0,250). Namun, dalam keterampilan berpikir kritis, kelompok Eksperimen menunjukkan peningkatan signifikan, dengan skor median meningkat dari 40 menjadi 77, dibandingkan kelompok Kontrol yang meningkat dari 40 menjadi 74 (U=146, p=0,002, rank biserial correlation = 0,492). Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa meskipun PBL secara signifikan meningkatkan keterampilan berpikir kritis, dampaknya terhadap hasil belajar tidak signifikan secara statistik dalam konteks penelitian ini. Penelitian lebih lanjut direkomendasikan untuk mengeksplorasi faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi efektivitas PBL dan menilai dampak jangka panjangnya terhadap hasil pendidikan.
The Effectiveness of Problem-Based Learning (PBL) in Enhancing Learning Outcomes and Critical Thinking Skills: A Comparative Study
Abstract
This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of Problem-Based Learning (PBL) compared to conventional teaching methods in enhancing students' learning outcomes and critical thinking skills. The research involved two groups of students: an Experimental group that received PBL and a Control group that followed conventional methods. Pretest and posttest scores were collected and analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test. Results showed that the Experimental group had a mean posttest score of 46.5 in learning outcomes, compared to 44.7 in the Control group, with no significant difference (U=216, p=0.131, rank biserial correlation = 0.250). However, in critical thinking skills, the Experimental group exhibited a significant improvement, with the median score increasing from 40 to 77, compared to the Control group, which increased from 40 to 74 (U=146, p=0.002, rank biserial correlation = 0.492). These findings suggest that while PBL significantly enhances critical thinking skills, its impact on learning outcomes is not statistically significant within the context of this study. Further research is recommended to explore factors influencing the effectiveness of PBL and to assess its long-term impact on educational outcomes.
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