Perbandingan Waktu Tempuh, Konsumsi Bahan Bakar, dan Ambang Nilai Waktu pada Jalan Tol dan Jalan Arteri Padang-Sicincin

Abstract

Studi komparatif lapangan berpasangan ini membandingkan waktu tempuh, konsumsi bahan bakar per perjalanan, intensitas konsumsi bahan bakar (L/100 km), variabilitas waktu tempuh yang teramati, dan ambang impas nilai waktu antara rute tol dan arteri Padang-Sicincin. Satu Honda Jazz RS 1.497 cc bertransmisi CVT digunakan pada 24 perjalanan yang membentuk 12 pasangan berdasarkan kategori hari, sesi, dan arah. Unit inferensial penelitian adalah 12 pasangan perjalanan. Waktu dan jarak direkam dengan stopwatch/GPS, sedangkan bahan bakar diukur dengan metode full-to-full; keterbatasan presisi metode ini diperlakukan secara eksplisit. Perbedaan berpasangan dianalisis menggunakan uji Wilcoxon signed-rank eksak, korelasi rank-biserial, dan interval kepercayaan bootstrap. Rata-rata waktu tempuh tol adalah 32,62 menit, sedangkan arteri 57,06 menit. Penghematan rata-rata 24,44 menit (42,83%; IK 95% 18,88-30,39) konsisten pada seluruh pasangan (W = 0; p eksak = 0,0005; r_rb = 1,00). Konsumsi total rata-rata sebesar 2,25 L pada tol dan 2,15 L pada arteri tidak berbeda secara statistik (selisih 0,10 L; IK 95% -0,46-0,57; W = 29,5; p = 0,5186). Intensitas konsumsi juga tidak berbeda (5,79 versus 6,43 L/100 km; p = 0,7334). IQR waktu tempuh tol lebih sempit (1,51 versus 18,22 menit), tetapi ukuran sampel belum memadai untuk menyimpulkan reliabilitas populasi. Dengan tarif Golongan I Rp50.500 dan tanpa memasukkan selisih bahan bakar yang tidak pasti, ambang impas berbasis penghematan waktu rata-rata adalah sekitar Rp123.977 per jam. Temuan menunjukkan keuntungan operasional utama tol pada sampel ini adalah penghematan waktu; bukti mengenai keuntungan bahan bakar belum konklusif.

This paired field-comparison study examined travel time, trip-level fuel use, distance-normalized fuel intensity (L/100 km), observed travel-time variability, and the break-even value of time for the Padang-Sicincin toll and arterial routes. One 1,497-cc Honda Jazz RS with a continuously variable transmission completed 24 trips forming 12 pairs matched by day category, time period, and direction. The inferential unit was the 12 trip pairs. Travel time and distance were recorded using a stopwatch/GPS, while fuel use was measured with the full-to-full method; the method's limited precision was explicitly considered. Paired differences were evaluated with the exact Wilcoxon signed-rank test, rank-biserial correlation, and bootstrap confidence intervals. Mean travel time was 32.62 min on the toll route and 57.06 min on the arterial route. The mean saving of 24.44 min (42.83%; 95% CI 18.88-30.39) occurred in every pair (W = 0; exact p = 0.0005; r_rb = 1.00). Mean trip-level fuel use was 2.25 L on the toll route and 2.15 L on the arterial route, with no statistical difference (mean difference 0.10 L; 95% CI -0.46 to 0.57; W = 29.5; p = 0.5186). Distance-normalized fuel intensity also did not differ (5.79 versus 6.43 L/100 km; p = 0.7334). The toll route had a narrower observed travel-time IQR (1.51 versus 18.22 min), but the sample was insufficient for population-level reliability claims. Using the IDR 50,500 Class I toll and excluding the uncertain fuel difference, the mean-time-based break-even value was approximately IDR 123,977 per hour. The main observed operational benefit was therefore travel-time savings, whereas evidence of a fuel-use advantage remained inconclusive.