Balance and Aerobic Endurance Training Effects on Shooting Accuracy 10 Meter Air Pistol Athletes

Shooting accuracy in the 10-meter air pistol event requires postural stability, fine motor control, concentration, and the ability to sustain performance throughout repeated shooting sequences, highlighting the need for physical conditioning that supports consistent athletic performance. This study aimed to analyze the effects of core-stability-based balance training and fartlek-based aerobic endurance training on shooting accuracy among 10-meter air pistol athletes. A quantitative quasi-experimental approach with a two-group pretest-posttest design was employed. Ten athletes from a population of 21 were selected through purposive sampling and allocated by ordinal pairing to a balance training group (n = 5) and an aerobic endurance training group (n = 5). The interventions were conducted for five weeks at a frequency of four sessions per week, while shooting accuracy was assessed using a 60-shot 10-meter air pistol test. The balance group improved from 530.40 ± 9.10 to 537.40 ± 7.00 (p = 0.003; d = 0.896), whereas the aerobic endurance group improved from 528.80 ± 13.60 to 538.60 ± 11.70 (p = 0.005; d = 0.938). The difference in improvement between groups was not statistically significant (p = 0.254). These findings indicate that both training models can improve shooting accuracy and may serve as complementary physical-conditioning.