Dampak Perubahan Iklim terhadap Ketahanan Pangan dan Adaptasinya oleh Masyarakat Pesisir
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36312/ej.v4i2.1611Keywords:
Iklim Global, Pesisir, Pulau Kabung, Adaptasi.Abstract
Perubahan iklim global ditandai dengan naiknya volume permukaan air laut, intensitas curah hujan tinggi, dan gelombang/arus yang kuat. Hal ini berdampak pada kehidupan perekonomian di pesisir pulau Kabung. Luapan air laut yang sampai ke pemukiman tersebut menciutkan luar areal pertanian, sehingga produktivitas tanaman pangan akan makin menurun. Tingginya curah hujan dan arus gelombang yang kuat juga menyebabkan rutinitas bernelayan menjadi terganggu karena waktu untuk melaut sangat terbatas sehingga hasil tangkapan yang dapat dijual untuk memenuhi kebutuhan hidup keluarga nelayan juga mengalami penurunan yang drastis. Hal ini tentunya membutuhkan intervensi pemerintah dan seluruh pihak terkait, selain masyarakat pesisir Kabung melakukan adaptasi terhadap dampak perubahan iklim tersebut. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji dampak perubahan iklim terhadap ketahan pangan dan adaptasi masyarakat terhadap dampak yang ditimbulkannya. Penelitian dilakukan dengan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif, melalui observasi di lapangan dan wawancara dengan masyarakat setempat terutama yang terdampak oleh kondisi perubahan iklim tersebut menggunakan acuan/pedoman wawancara tidak terstruktur sehingga data yang diperoleh lebih mendalam (depth interview). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perubahan iklim memberikan dampak buruk terhadap tingkat perekonomian masyarakat, disebabkan oleh karena kurangnya hasil tangkapan sehingga keluarga nelayan di pesisir sangat sulit medorong tercapainya ketahanan pangan lokal.
The Impact of Climate Change on Food Security and Its Adaptation by Coastal Communities
Abstract
Global climate change is characterized by rising sea level volume, high rainfall intensity, and strong waves/currents. This has an impact on economic life on the coast of Kabung Island. The overflow of sea water that reaches settlements will shrink agricultural areas, so that the productivity of food crops will decrease further. High rainfall and strong wave currents also cause fishing routines to be disrupted because time to go to sea is very limited so that the catch that can be sold to meet the living needs of fishing families also experiences a drastic decline. This of course requires intervention from the government and all related parties, apart from the Kabung coastal community, to adapt to the impacts of climate change. The aim of this research is to examine the impact of climate change on food security and community adaptation to the impacts it causes. The research was carried out using a descriptive qualitative approach, through field observations and interviews with local communities, especially those affected by climate change conditions, using unstructured interview references/guidelines so that the data obtained was more in-depth (depth interviews). The results of the research show that climate change has a negative impact on the community's economic level, due to the lack of catches, making it very difficult for fishing families on the coast to achieve local food security.
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