Peran Guru Pendidikan Jasmani dalam Mengembangkan Gaya Hidup Aktif dan Sehat Melalui Program Usaha Kesehatan Sekolah: Explanatory Sequential Mixed Methods Design
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36312/ej.v6i3.3452Keywords:
Peran Guru, Gaya Hidup Aktif, Gaya Hidup Sehat, Usaha Kesehatan Sekolah, Pendidikan JasmaniAbstract
Program Usaha Kesehatan Sekolah (UKS) telah lama menjadi kerangka kerja promosi kesehatan, namun efektivitasnya sering terhambat oleh keterbatasan pelatihan guru, minimnya kolaborasi lintas sektor, serta kurangnya evaluasi jangka panjang terhadap perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat (PHBS) serta kesehatan mental siswa. Celah penelitian ini mendorong perlunya model integratif yang tidak hanya mengandalkan modul UKS, tetapi juga menggabungkan peran guru Pendidikan Jasmani, kemitraan dengan puskesmas, dan pemberdayaan siswa sebagai health champions. Penelitian ini bertujuan menguji efektivitas model integratif promosi kesehatan berbasis kerangka Ecological Model, Social Cognitive Theory, dan Diffusion of Innovations dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan, praktik PHBS, dan kesejahteraan mental siswa sekolah dasar. Desain penelitian menggunakan Explanatory Sequential Mixed Methods di dua SD di Kecamatan Praya. Sampel terdiri atas 56 siswa kelas 4–5 yang dipilih dengan stratified random sampling, serta tiga guru Pendidikan Jasmani sebagai informan kunci. Data kuantitatif dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner PAQ-C, pre–post test pengetahuan kesehatan, dan observasi aktivitas fisik, sedangkan data kualitatif diperoleh melalui wawancara semi-terstruktur dengan guru. Hasil kuantitatif menunjukkan peningkatan signifikan skor gaya hidup sehat (47,82 menjadi 61,16) dan pengetahuan kesehatan (71,87 menjadi 77,91) (p < 0,05). Data kualitatif menegaskan peran guru sebagai fasilitator, teladan, dan koordinator kolaborasi lintas sektor, serta efektivitas kaderisasi siswa dalam memperkuat adopsi PHBS. Temuan ini membuktikan bahwa model integratif mampu menghasilkan perubahan perilaku kesehatan yang lebih konsisten dan berkelanjutan dibanding pendekatan UKS konvensional.
The Role Of Physical Education Teachers In Developing Active And Healthy Lifestyles Through School Health Programs: An Explanatory Sequential Mixed Methods Design
Abstract
This study aims to develop and test the effectiveness of an integrative health promotion model in elementary schools that combines the role of trained Physical Education teachers, cross-sector collaboration with community health centers, and empowerment of students as health champions. The study design used Explanatory Sequential Mixed Methods, with a quantitative phase consisting of pre-posttests and physical activity observations during the six-month intervention, and a qualitative phase through in-depth interviews with Physical Education teachers. Quantitative results showed a 22% increase in students' average health knowledge scores, an increase in the frequency of morning exercise from 1.8 to 3.4 times per week, and improvements in mental well-being indicators based on a psychosocial scale. Qualitative data revealed that Physical Education teachers functioned as facilitators who designed and monitored fitness programs, role models who exemplified clean and healthy living behaviors, and coordinators who established regular partnerships with community health centers. In addition, the role of teachers in assisting student health cadres was shown to strengthen the independent adoption of PHBS practices among their peers. These findings confirm the hypothesis that implementing the integrative model significantly positively impacts students' knowledge, physical activity, and mental well-being compared to baseline conditions. Sustained student participation and post-intervention program monitoring indicate stability of behavioral change
Downloads
References
Bandura, A. (1986). Social foundations of thought and action: A social cognitive theory (pp. xiii, 617). Prentice-Hall, Inc.
Beames, J. R., Johnston, L., O’Dea, B., Torok, M., Christensen, H., Boydell, K., & Werner?Seidler, A. (2021). Factors That Help and Hinder the Implementation of Digital Depression Prevention Programs: School-Based Cross-Sectional Study. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 23(8), e26223. https://doi.org/10.2196/26223
Centeio, E. E., Jung, Y., & Castelli, D. M. (2023). ACTIVE YOU: Teacher Attributes and Attitudes Predicting Physical Activity Promotion. Behavioral Sciences, 13(3), 210. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs13030210
D’Elia, F., & D’Isanto, T. (2021). Outdoor Movement Education in Primary School During COVID-19 Pandemic in the Synthetic Perceptions of Primary School University Training Student. https://doi.org/10.14198/jhse.2021.16.proc3.68
Dinatha, N. M., Sariyani, M. D., Dhena, G. V. A., & Wae, M. S. (2023). Pelaksanaan Trias Usaha Kesehatan Sekolah Di Sekolah Dasar. Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Citra Bakti, 10(4), 758–772. https://doi.org/10.38048/jipcb.v10i4.2031
Fortin-Suzuki, S., Berrigan, F., Turcotte, S., Beaudo?n, S., & Dubuc, M. (2024). Broadening the Role of Physical and Health Education Teachers: Insights on Taking Leadership to Promote Physical Activity in School. https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.1006508
George, M., & Dhull, S. (2023). The Role of Physical Educators in Mitigating Health Risks Among Adolescents From Increasing Screen Time. Ssha, 1(1), 31–35. https://doi.org/10.60081/ssha.1.1.2023.31-35
Gužauskas, D., & Šukys, S. (2021). Teachers’ and Parents’ Perspectives on Promoting Primary School Children’s Physical Activity at School: A Qualitative Study. Sustainability, 13(23), 13287. https://doi.org/10.3390/su132313287
Kostenius, C., & Lundqvist, C. (2021). Health Dialogue Experiences of Students, Teachers and School Nurses in Swedish Health-Promoting Schools. Californian Journal of Health Promotion, 19(1), 22–33. https://doi.org/10.32398/cjhp.v19i1.2641
Macfarlane, S., Haigh, F., Woodland, L., Goodger, B., Larkin, M., Miller, E., Parcsi, L., Read, P., & Wood, L. (2024). Critical Success Factors for Intersectoral Collaboration: Homelessness and COVID-19 – Case Studies and Learnings From an Australian City. International Journal of Integrated Care, 24(2). https://doi.org/10.5334/ijic.7653
McLeroy, K. R., Bibeau, D., Steckler, A., & Glanz, K. (1988). An ecological perspective on health promotion programs. Health Education Quarterly, 15(4), 351–377. https://doi.org/10.1177/109019818801500401
Nonyelum, S. N. (2022). Blueprints to Accelerate the Student’s Academic Motivation and Engagement in Health Education. Bijgim, 1(1), 11–17. https://doi.org/10.54646/bijgim.003
Oldeide, O., Fosse, E., & Holsen, I. (2020). Local Drug Prevention Strategies Through the Eyes of Policy Makers and Outreach Social Workers in Norway. Health & Social Care in the Community, 29(2), 376–384. https://doi.org/10.1111/hsc.13096
Park, J. H., Moon, J. H., Kim, H. J., Kong, M. H., & Oh, Y. H. (2020). Sedentary Lifestyle: Overview of Updated Evidence of Potential Health Risks. Korean Journal of Family Medicine, 41(6), Article 6. https://doi.org/10.4082/kjfm.20.0165
Purwanto, E., Pratiwi, I., Duri, M., & Muhyidin, A. (2023). Pendampingan Dan Pembinaan Program Usaha Kesehatan Sekolah Di Tk Aba 37 Kota Malang. Jurnal Pengabdian Ilmu Kesehatan, 3(1), 01–08. https://doi.org/10.55606/jpikes.v3i1.1048
Rahmaddiansyah, R., Nurmiati, N., & Rusti, S. (2023). Peningkatan Program Kesehatan Sekolah Melalui Pembinaan Dokter Kecil Pada Siswa Di SDN 21 Limau Sundai Kabupaten Pesisir Selatan. Buletin Ilmiah Nagari Membangun, 6(1), 26–34. https://doi.org/10.25077/bina.v6i1.422
Ramalepa, T. N. (2023). The Role of Community Health Nurses in Promoting School Learners’ Reproductive Health in North West Province. Health Sa Gesondheid, 28. https://doi.org/10.4102/hsag.v28i0.2109
Rogers, A., Towery, L., McCown, A., & Carlson, K. A. (2020). Impaired Geotaxis as a Novel Phenotype of Nora Virus Infection of Drosophila melanogaster. Scientifica, 2020. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/1804510
Rustam, M. Z. A., Susanti, A., Amalia, N., Suhardiningsih, A. V. S., Riestiyowati, M. A., Amalin, A. M., & Rimbawa, H. A. D. (2023). Peningkatan Peran Usaha Kesehatan Sekolah Di Sekolah Dasar Negeri Gisik Cemandi Sidoarjo. Jurnal Abdinus Jurnal Pengabdian Nusantara, 7(2), 424–434. https://doi.org/10.29407/ja.v7i2.19008
Shalahuddin, I., Rosidin, U., Purnama, D. H., Sumarni, N., & Witdiawati, W. (2023). Pembentukan UKS Dan Pelatihan Dokter Kecil Pada Siswa-Siswi Di SDN 1-2 Sukamenteri Garut. Jurnal Kreativitas Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (Pkm), 6(11), 4524–4533. https://doi.org/10.33024/jkpm.v6i11.12224
Shizume, E., Tomokawa, S., Miyake, K., & Asakura, T. (2021). Factors Enabling Systematized National School Health Services in Japan. Pediatrics International, 63(10), 1151–1161. https://doi.org/10.1111/ped.14864
Siregar, F. R., Simatupang, N., & Valianto, B. (2020). The Effect of Small Side Games Training Toward Improvement of Basic Soccer Techniques at Perfect Unimed School Students. Proceedings of the 1st Unimed International Conference on Sport Science (UnICoSS 2019). 1st Unimed International Conference on Sport Science (UnICoSS 2019), Medan City, Indonesia. https://doi.org/10.2991/ahsr.k.200305.059
Skovgaard, T., Madsen, M. L. S., & Christiansen, L. B. (2024). Exploring the Role of Champions in the Facilitation and Implementation of a Whole-School Health Program. Education Sciences, 14(2), 161. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci14020161
Sulistyorini, Y., Nafiisah, M., Indriani, D., Melaniani, S., Mahmudah, M., & Anggraini, S. D. (2022). Analysis of Uks Management Readiness and My Health Report Books in Elementary School of Surabaya City and Gresik District. Jurnal Biometrika Dan Kependudukan, 11(1), 72–79. https://doi.org/10.20473/jbk.v11i1.2022.72-79
Sultan, S., Yousuf, M. I., & Parveen, N. (2023). Integration of Health and Education in Teacher Education Programs. Academy of Education and Social Sciences Review, 3(3), 340–349. https://doi.org/10.48112/aessr.v3i3.597
Susanti, R., Anggarini, I. M., & Rusmiati, D. (2023). Peran Usaha Kesehatan Sekolah Terhadap Pengetahuan Dan Sikap Remaja Dalam Upaya Mencegah Kehamilan Remaja. Promotif Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat, 13(2), 143–147. https://doi.org/10.56338/promotif.v13i2.4371
Syafrawati, S., Triana, V., Novind, M. I., & Hamzah, P. K. (2021). PEMBERDAYAAN USAHA KESEHATAN SEKOLAH MELALUI PELATIHAN DOKTER KECIL DI SDN 31 PASIA NAN TIGO KECAMATAN KOTO TANGAH KOTA Padang. Buletin Ilmiah Nagari Membangun, 4(3), 186–197. https://doi.org/10.25077/bina.v4i3.319
Taaffe, J., Sharma, R., Parthiban, A. B. R., Singh, J., Kaur, P., Singh, B., Gill, J. P. S., Raj, G. D., Dhand, N. K., & Parekh, F. K. (2023). One Health Activities to Reinforce Intersectoral Coordination at Local Levels in India. Frontiers in Public Health, 11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1041447
Tarlina. (2023). Relationship Between Teacher Competence and Motivation With Student Learning Outcomes in Subjects Elementary School People in Tujuh Belas Sub District. Kinestetik Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Jasmani, 7(2), 516–525. https://doi.org/10.33369/jk.v7i2.28527
Vionalita, G., Ningtiar, D. A. K., & Sari, S. P. (2021). Implementation of School Health Units Based on Work Team and Trias Uks in the Primary Schools. Indonesian Journal of Health Sciences Research and Development (Ijhsrd), 3(2), 66–75. https://doi.org/10.36566/ijhsrd/vol3.iss2/92
Wahyuning, S., Erawati, A. D., & Rinayati, R. (2020). Pendampingan Pengurus Uks Dalam Mewujudkan Perilaku Hidup Bersih Sehat Di SDN Karanganyar 2 Kecamatan Tugu Kota Semarang. Jurnal Pengabdian Kesehatan, 3(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.31596/jpk.v3i1.63
Yuni, H., Nurhasanah, S., Nur, N. C., Markolinda, Y., & Augia, T. (2020). Optimalisasi Usaha Kesehatan Sekolah Melalui Perilaku Hidup Bersih Dan Sehat Di Sekolah Dasar 10 Timpeh. Buletin Ilmiah Nagari Membangun, 3(2). https://doi.org/10.25077/bina.v3i2.200
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Deni Febriansyah, Soemardiawan, Edi Kurniawan, Ali Muhaimin
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with Empiricism Journal agree to the following terms:
- For all articles published in Empiricism Journal, copyright is retained by the authors. Authors give permission to the publisher to announce the work with conditions. When the manuscript is accepted for publication, the authors agrees to implement a non-exclusive transfer of publishing rights to the journals.
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
