Pengaruh Pola Makan dan Latihan Fisik terhadap Kebugaran Otot dan Komposisi Tubuh: Pendekatan Faktorial 2x2 pada Karyawan Sektor Industri Berat
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36312/ej.v6i3.3623Keywords:
diet, aktivitas fisik, muscular strength, body composition, kebugaran kerja, pekerja pertambanganAbstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh diet dan aktivitas fisik terhadap peningkatan muscular strength dengan mempertimbangkan body composition sebagai faktor penunjang pada karyawan perusahaan pertambangan di Nusa Tenggara Barat. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengisi kesenjangan tersebut dan memberikan dasar empiris bagi intervensi kebugaran di tempat kerja. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan desain eksperimen faktorial 2x2 yang melibatkan 30 responden berusia 25–50 tahun. Sampel dibagi ke dalam empat kelompok perlakuan berdasarkan kombinasi intervensi diet dan aktivitas fisik, dengan pengukuran body composition menggunakan bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) dan kekuatan otot menggunakan push-up test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya peningkatan nilai rata-rata muscular strength dari 18,03 menjadi 25,27 setelah intervensi, sedangkan nilai rata-rata body composition meningkat dari 30,93 menjadi 31,83. Kategori muscular strength mengalami perubahan signifikan secara praktis, di mana proporsi peserta dengan kategori “baik” meningkat dari 6,67% menjadi 46,67%, dan kategori “sangat baik” meningkat dari 0% menjadi 16,67%. Pada body composition, kategori “normal” juga meningkat dari 56,67% menjadi 66,67%. Hasil uji ANOVA dua jalur menunjukkan bahwa meskipun nilai signifikansi > 0,05, terdapat tren peningkatan yang konsisten pada kedua variabel utama. Secara keseluruhan, intervensi diet dan aktivitas fisik memberikan pengaruh positif terhadap peningkatan kekuatan otot dan perbaikan komposisi tubuh, yang berimplikasi pada peningkatan kebugaran, ketahanan fisik, serta produktivitas kerja karyawan di sektor pertambangan.
Abstract
This study aims to analyze the effect of diet and physical activity on increasing muscular strength, considering body composition as a supporting factor, among mining company employees in West Nusa Tenggara. Therefore, this study was conducted to fill this gap and provide an empirical basis for workplace fitness interventions. This study used a quantitative method with a 2x2 factorial experimental design involving 30 respondents aged 25–50 years. The sample was divided into four treatment groups based on the combination of diet and physical activity interventions, with body composition measured using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and muscle strength using a push-up test. The results showed an increase in the average value of muscular strength from 18.03 to 25.27 after the intervention, while the average value of body composition increased from 30.93 to 31.83. The muscular strength category experienced significant changes in practice, with the proportion of participants in the "good" category rising from 6.67% to 46.67%, and the "outstanding" category rising from 0% to 16.67%. In terms of body composition, the "normal" category also increased from 56.67% to 66.67%. The results of the two-way ANOVA test showed that although the significance value was >0.05, there was a consistent upward trend in both main variables. Overall, the dietary and physical activity interventions had a positive effect on increasing muscle strength and improving body composition, which has implications for improving employee fitness, physical endurance, and work productivity in the mining sector.
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