Evaluasi Potensi Sacha Inchi (Plukenetia Volubilis L) dalam Terapi Penyakit Diabetes Melitus: Sistemik Literatur Review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36312/2cxdft67Keywords:
Antidiabetes, Antioksidan, Antiinflamasi, Sacha Inchi, Sel β PankreasAbstract
Penyakit diabetes melitus ditandai oleh hiperglikemia akibat gangguan sekresi insulin atau resistensi insulin, yang dapat menyebabkan komplikasi serius seperti nefropati, retinopati, neuropati, dan penyakit kardiovaskular. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meninjau efek antidiabetes dari senyawa bioaktif Sacha Inchi (Plukenetia volubilis L.) dalam pengelolaan diabetes melitus melalui tinjauan sistematis (Systematic Literature Review/SLR) dengan pedoman PRISMA 2020. Berdasarkan analisis terhadap 13 artikel terindeks Scopus dari 2016 hingga 2025, hasil menunjukkan bahwa Sacha Inchi dapat menurunkan kadar glukosa darah melalui mekanisme peningkatan sensitivitas insulin, aktivasi jalur pensinyalan IRS-1 PI3K Akt, serta perlindungan dan regenerasi sel B pankreas. Selain itu, senyawa bioaktif dalam Sacha Inchi menghambat enzim a glukosidase, a amilase, dan DPP-IV, yang berperan dalam metabolisme glukosa. Aktivitas antioksidan dan antiinflamasi Sacha Inchi juga berkontribusi mengurangi stres oksidatif dan peradangan sistemik, mendukung keseimbangan metabolik, dan kesehatan pankreas. Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Sacha Inchi berpotensi mengmodulasi mikrobiota usus, yang berperan penting dalam pengaturan metabolisme glukosa dan meningkatkan sensitivitas insulin. Temuan ini mengindikasikan Sacha Inchi sebagai agen fitoterapi alami yang aman dan efektif untuk pengelolaan diabetes melitus.
Evaluation of the Potential of Sacha Inchi (Plukenetia volubilis L) in Diabetes Mellitus Disease Therapy: A Systemic Literature Review
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is characterized by hyperglycemia due to impaired insulin secretion or insulin resistance, which can lead to serious complications such as nephropathy, retinopathy, neuropathy, and cardiovascular diseases. This study aims to review the antidiabetic effects of bioactive compounds from Sacha Inchi (Plukenetia volubilis L.) in the management of diabetes mellitus through a systematic literature review (SLR) following the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Based on an analysis of 13 Scopus-indexed articles from 2016 to 2025, the results indicate that Sacha Inchi can lower blood glucose levels through mechanisms such as enhancing insulin sensitivity, activating the IRS-1 PI3K Akt signaling pathway, and protecting and regenerating pancreatic B-cells. Additionally, the bioactive compounds in Sacha Inchi inhibit enzymes like a-glucosidase, a-amylase, and DPP-IV, which are involved in glucose metabolism. The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of Sacha Inchi also contribute to reducing oxidative stress and systemic inflammation, supporting metabolic balance and pancreatic health. The research shows that Sacha Inchi has the potential to modulate gut microbiota, which plays a crucial role in glucose metabolism regulation and enhancing insulin sensitivity. These findings suggest that Sacha Inchi is a safe and effective natural phytotherapy agent for the management of diabetes mellitus.
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