Tradisi Maulid di Tengah Arus Modernitas: Sebuah Etnografi tentang Pendidikan Karakter Antargenerasi
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36312/v51p3c22Keywords:
Transmisi Budaya, Pendidikan Karakter, Tradisi Maulid, Etnografi, AntargenerasiAbstract
Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh tantangan pendidikan karakter di era modern, di mana pendekatan formal seringkali gagal menginternalisasi nilai secara mendalam. Tradisi komunal seperti perayaan Maulid Nabi Muhammad SAW menawarkan sebuah 'arena pedagogis' alternatif yang bersifat informal dan eksperiensial. Namun, studi etnografi yang secara mendalam menganalisis bagaimana tradisi komunal berfungsi sebagai ekosistem pedagogis yang adaptif di era modern masih terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis secara mendalam mekanisme transmisi budaya antargenerasi dan proses internalisasi nilai-nilai karakter dalam tradisi Maulid di Desa Baru, Sumbawa. Menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi etnografi, data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam dengan 15 informan (Aparat Desa, Tokoh Agama, Generasi Muda) dan observasi partisipatif. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa transmisi nilai bukanlah proses linear, melainkan sebuah ekosistem holistik yang direkayasa secara sosial melalui empat mekanisme utama: (1) keterlibatan proaktif generasi muda sebagai penyelenggara yang menumbuhkan rasa memiliki; (2) adaptasi tradisi melalui format kreatif dan media digital untuk menjaga relevansi; (3) fasilitasi ruang interaksi komunal yang berfungsi sebagai laboratorium nilai-nilai sosial; dan (4) fokus pada substansi keteladanan Nabi sebagai sumber inspirasi moral. Simpulan dari penelitian ini menegaskan bahwa tradisi Maulid tidak hanya berfungsi sebagai ritual keagamaan, tetapi telah berhasil ditransformasikan menjadi sebuah proyek pendidikan karakter tahunan yang partisipatif, adaptif, dan efektif dalam menavigasi tantangan modernitas. Temuan ini berkontribusi pada diskursus pendidikan karakter dengan menawarkan model pedagogi berbasis komunitas yang terbukti efektif untuk internalisasi nilai.
The Mawlid Tradition Amidst the Currents of Modernity: An Ethnography of Intergenerational Character Education
Abstract
This study is contextualized by the challenges of character education in the modern era, where formal approaches often fail to deeply internalize values. Communal traditions such as the Mawlid al-Nabi (the Prophet Muhammad's birthday) offering an alternative 'pedagogical arena' that is both informal and experiential. However, in-depth ethnographic studies analyzing how communal traditions function as adaptive pedagogical ecosystems in the modern era remain scarce." This research aims to deeply analyze the mechanisms of intergenerational cultural transmission and the process of internalizing character values within the Mawlid tradition in Desa Baru, Sumbawa. Using a qualitative method with an ethnographic approach, data were collected through in-depth interviews with 15 informants (Village Officials, Religious Leaders, Youth) and participant observation. The findings indicate that value transmission is not a linear process but a holistic, socially engineered ecosystem operating through four main mechanisms: (1) proactive youth involvement as organizers to foster a sense of ownership; (2) adaptation of the tradition through creative formats and digital media to maintain relevance; (3) facilitation of communal interaction spaces that function as a laboratory for social values; and (4) a focus on the substance of the Prophet's exemplary character as a source of moral inspiration. This study concludes that the Mawlid tradition functions not merely as a religious ritual but has been successfully transformed into a participatory, adaptive, and effective annual character education project that navigates the challenges of modernity. These findings contribute to the discourse on character education by offering a community-based pedagogical model proven effective for value internalization.
Downloads
References
Abdullah, I. (2022). Simbol dan Makna dalam Tradisi Lokal Nusantara. Pustaka Pelajar.
Berkowitz, M. W., & Bier, M. C. (2021). The Science of Character Education. In L. P. Nucci, D. Narvaez, & T. K. Lapsley (Eds.), Handbook of Moral and Character Education (2nd ed., pp. 24–42). Routledge.
Boyd, R., & Richerson, P. J. (2015). Culture and the Evolutionary Process. Chicago Press.
Collins, R. (2021). The Micro-Sociology of Religion: Collective Effervescence and the Sacred. In J. A. van Belzen (Ed.), The Oxford Handbook of the Study of Religion. Oxford University Press.
Connerton, P. (2019). How Societies Remember. Cambridge University Press.
Creswell, J. W., & Poth, C. N. (2022). Qualitative Inquiry and Research Design: Choosing Among Five Approaches (5th ed.). SAGE Publication.
Fauzi, A., & Nurdin, A. (2023). Pendidikan Karakter Melalui Keteladanan dalam Kisah-Kisah Nabi: Persepsi dan Implementasinya di Kalangan Siswa Madrasah Aliyah. Tarbawi: Jurnal Keilmuan Manajemen Pendidikan, 9(1), 33–48.
Geertz, C. (2017). The Interpretation of Cultures. Basic Books.
Hidayatullah, A. (2023). Tantangan Generasi Z dalam Melestarikan Budaya Lokal di Era Digital: Studi Kasus Remaja di Sumbawa. Jurnal Studi Pemuda, 12(1), 45–58.
Hoffman, D. M. (2020). Beyond the Bag of Virtues: A Critique of Contemporary Character Education. Journal of Moral Education, 49(3), 275–289.
Kemendikbudristek. (2022). Dimensi, Elemen, dan Subelemen Profil Pelajar Pancasila pada Kurikulum Merdeka. Badan Standar, Kurikulum, dan Asesmen Pendidikan. Kemendikbudristek RI.
Lestari, P., & Haryanto, J. T. (2020). Efektivitas Komunikasi Antargenerasi dalam Transfer Pengetahuan Budaya melalui Kegiatan Gotong Royong. Jurnal Ilmu Komunikasi, 18(3), 251–264.
Lickona, T. (2022). Educating for Character: How Our Schools Can Teach Respect and Responsibility (4th ed.). Bantam.
Miles, M. B., Huberman, A. M., & Saldaña, J. (2014). Qualitative data analysis: A methods sourcebook (3rd ed.). SAGE Publication.
Nugroho, A. P., & Hidayat, T. (2022). Peran Organisasi Karang Taruna dalam Pembentukan Karakter Kepemimpinan Pemuda di Era Digital (Studi Kasus di Desa Maju Sejahtera). Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan, 10(2), 112–125.
Putra, A. (2021). The Localization of Maulid: Cultural Expressions of Prophetic Love in the Malay Archipelago. Southeast Asian Journal of Social Science, 49(1), 65–82.
Rahman, A. (2024). Revitalizing Community-Based Education: Lessons from Indonesian Local Wisdom. International Journal of Educational Development, 85(102456).
Rahmawati, D. E. (2021). Relevansi Nilai-Nilai Akhlak dalam Tradisi Maulid Nabi bagi Pembentukan Resiliensi Moral Generasi Muda di Era Disrupsi. Studia Islamika, 28(2), 345–370.
Santoso, D. A., & Pratiwi, M. (2022). Modal Sosial dalam Ritual Keagamaan Komunitas: Studi tentang Peran Tradisi “Makan Bersama” dalam Memperkuat Kohesi Sosial. Jurnal Sosiologi, 27(1), 75–94.
Siregar, F. A., & Lubis, R. (2021). Internalisasi Nilai-Nilai Religius Melalui Keterlibatan Aktif dalam Kegiatan Remaja Masjid. Jurnal Pendidikan Islam Kontemporer, 3(1), 45–58.
Supriadi, D. (2020). Kearifan Lokal dalam Masyarakat Sumbawa: Etnografi Komunikasi. Penerbit Ombak.
UNESCO. (2023). Reimagining Our Futures Together: A new social contract for education. UNESCO Publishing.
Vygotsky, L. S. (2019). Mind in Society: The Development of Higher Psychological Processes. Harvard University Press.
Wulandari, S., & Firmansyah, R. (2023). Dakwah di Ruang Digital: Analisis Pemanfaatan Media Sosial oleh Komunitas Pemuda Muslim dalam Melestarikan Tradisi Islam Lokal. Jurnal Komunikasi Islam, 13(1), 88–105.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Jasriadi M R, Umar Umar
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with Empiricism Journal agree to the following terms:
- For all articles published in Empiricism Journal, copyright is retained by the authors. Authors give permission to the publisher to announce the work with conditions. When the manuscript is accepted for publication, the authors agrees to implement a non-exclusive transfer of publishing rights to the journals.
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
