Potensi Sacha Inchi (Plukenetia Volubilis L.) Sebagai Agen Antihiperlipidemia: Systematic Literatur Review

Alya Fatiha Rahma; Septiana Indratmoko; Elisa Issusilaningtyas

doi:10.36312/wg991k17

Authors

Alya Fatiha Rahma Univeraitas Al-Irsyad Cilacap
Septiana Indratmoko Universitas Al-Irsyad Cilacap
Elisa Issusilaningtyas Universitas Al-Irsyad Cilacap

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.36312/wg991k17

Keywords:

Antihiperlipidemia, Kolesterol, Omega-3, Sacha Inchi

Abstract

Hiperlipidemia merupakan faktor risiko utama penyakit kardiovaskular dan masih menjadi penyebab morbiditas serta mortalitas yang tinggi. Sacha Inchi (Plukenetia volubilis L.) mengandung asam lemak esensial omega-3 (ALA), omega-6 (LA), omega-9 (OA), serta tokoferol dan fitosterol yang berperan dalam regulasi metabolisme lipid. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meninjau secara sistematis bukti ilmiah mengenai potensi Sacha Inchi sebagai agen antihiperlipidemia berdasarkan hasil penelitian in vitro, in vivo, dan uji klinis yang dipublikasikan pada jurnal terindeks Scopus periode 2016–2025. Metode yang digunakan adalah Systematic Literature Review (SLR) dengan mengacu pada pedoman PRISMA 2020 dan menggunakan basis data Scopus. Dari 25 artikel yang ditemukan, sebanyak 17 memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa konsumsi minyak Sacha Inchi menurunkan kolesterol total, LDL, dan trigliserida serta meningkatkan HDL melalui penghambatan enzim HMG-CoA reduktase, aktivasi PPAR-a, dan modulasi mikrobiota usus. Senyawa tokoferol dan polifenol juga berkontribusi terhadap efek antioksidan dan antiinflamasi melalui penekanan NF-_KB, TNF-a, dan IL-6. Dengan demikian, Sacha Inchi memiliki potensi sebagai fitoterapi alami antihiperlipidemia yang aman dan berpotensi mendukung kesehatan kardiovaskular.

Potential of Sacha Inchi (Plukenetia volubilis L.) As an Antihyperlipidemia Agent: Systematic Literature Review

Abstract

Hyperlipidemia is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease and is still a cause of high morbidity and mortality. Sacha Inchi (Plukenetia volubilis L.) contains omega-3 (ALA), omega-6 (LA), omega-9 (OA), as well as tocopherols and phytosterols that play a role in the regulation of lipid metabolism. This study aims to systematically review scientific evidence regarding the potential of Sacha Inchi as an antihyperlipidemia agent based on the results of in vitro, in vivo, and clinical trials published in the Scopus indexed journal for the period 2016–2025. The method used is Systematic Literature Review (SLR) with reference to the PRISMA 2020 guidelines and using the Scopus database. Of the 25 articles found, 17 met the inclusion criteria. The results of the analysis showed that the consumption of Sacha Inchi oil lowered total cholesterol, LDL, and triglycerides and increased HDL through inhibition of HMG-CoA reductase enzyme, activation of PPAR-a, and modulation of the gut microbiota. Tocopherol and polyphenol compounds also contribute to antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects through the suppression of NF-_kB, TNF-a, and IL-6. Thus, Sacha Inchi has the potential as a natural phytotherapy for antihyperlipidemia that is safe and has the potential to support cardiovascular health.

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