Peran Petugas Kesehatan dalam Pencegahan Stunting di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Rasana’e Timur Kota Bima Tahun 2025
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36312/ksr1nr69Keywords:
Peran Petugas Kesehatan, Pencegahan, StuntingAbstract
Stunting masih menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat kronis dan multidimensional di Indonesia, termasuk di Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat. Berdasarkan Survei Status Gizi Indonesia (SSGI) 2023, prevalensi stunting nasional mencapai 21,5%, masih jauh dari target nasional sebesar 14%. Kondisi ini menunjukkan bahwa stunting tidak hanya disebabkan oleh kekurangan gizi, tetapi juga mencerminkan keterbatasan efektivitas layanan kesehatan primer dalam menjangkau determinan sosial, perilaku, dan lingkungan secara terintegrasi, terutama pada tingkat wilayah mikro. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis peran petugas kesehatan dalam pencegahan stunting pada layanan kesehatan primer berbasis wilayah mikro di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Rasana’e Timur, Kota Bima, tahun 2025. Penelitian ini menawarkan kebaruan dengan memposisikan petugas kesehatan sebagai aktor institusional lokal yang menjembatani kebijakan nasional dengan praktik promotif dan preventif yang kontekstual serta berbasis keluarga. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah kualitatif deskriptif dengan desain eksploratif-tematik, melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi partisipatif, dan telaah dokumentasi terhadap petugas kesehatan yang terlibat langsung dalam program stunting. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa petugas kesehatan memiliki peran strategis sebagai pelaksana teknis sekaligus aktor adaptif, inovatif, dan berjejaring dalam pencegahan stunting, dengan dampak nyata pada wilayah spesifik. Simpulan penelitian menegaskan bahwa keberhasilan penurunan stunting sangat bergantung pada kapasitas adaptif petugas kesehatan dalam mengintegrasikan data, inovasi lokal, dan jejaring komunitas, sehingga kebijakan stunting perlu diarahkan pada penguatan layanan primer berbasis wilayah.
The Role of Health Care Workers in Stunting Prevention in the Work Area of the Rasana'e Timur Public Health Center, Bima City 2025
Abstract
Stunting remains a chronic and multidimensional public health problem in Indonesia, including in West Nusa Tenggara Province. According to the 2023 Indonesian Nutritional Status Survey (SSGI), the national prevalence of stunting reached 21.5%, which is still far above the national target of 14%. This condition indicates that stunting is not merely a reflection of nutritional deficiencies, but also highlights limitations in the effectiveness of primary health care services in addressing social, behavioral, and environmental determinants in an integrated manner, particularly at the micro-regional level. This study aims to analyze the role of health workers in stunting prevention within a micro-area–based primary health care context in the working area of Rasana’e Timur Primary Health Center, Bima City, in 2025. The study offers novelty by repositioning health workers as local institutional actors who bridge national policies with contextual, family-based promotive and preventive practices. A descriptive qualitative approach with an exploratory thematic design was employed, utilizing in-depth interviews, participant observation, and document review involving key health workers directly engaged in stunting interventions. The findings indicate that health workers play a strategic role not only as technical implementers but also as adaptive, innovative, and networked local institutional actors, producing tangible impacts in specific areas. The study concludes that the effectiveness of stunting reduction is largely determined by the adaptive capacity of health workers to integrate data, local innovations, and community networks; therefore, stunting policies should prioritize strengthening primary health care actors and mainstreaming area-based approaches as a sustainable strategy to achieve national targets.
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