Reenvisioning ELT through an English as an International Language’s Lens: Indonesian-Thai Pre-Service English Teachers’ Voices

Authors

  • Hilarius Raditya Priambada Purba ID Universitas Internasional Batam https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6404-0640
  • Bal Janatte Raj Kaur ID Universitas Internasional Batam
  • Theodesia Lady Pratiwi ID Universitas Internasional Batam
  • Filmor J. PH Camarines Sur Polytechnic Colleges
  • Pandu Prasodjo ID Universitas Internasional Batam

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.36312/jolls.v6i1.4582

Keywords:

English as an international language, English language teaching, Cultural integration, English teaching practice, English as a foreign language

Abstract

This study revisits the perceptions of pre-service English teachers (PSETs) in Indonesia and Thailand on English as an International Language (EIL) concept. This topic under-study scrutinizes their beliefs about the EIL development and implementation, their exposure to diverse English varieties, and the cultural factors that influence their teaching approaches. Review of related literature and studies shows that there has been lack of comparative analysis between non-English-speaking countries regarding Indonesian dan Thai PSETs perception of EIL. This study, therefore, comprises the factors support and hinder the practice of English as an International Language (EIL) in Indonesia and Thailand and the PSETs in Indonesia and Thailand perceive the practice of English as an International Language (EIL) as the focuses understudy.This paper employs a qualitative research method comprised of interviews and observations to study the perspectives of the PSETs under-study. However, generalization of the phenomena will not be attempted as the limitation of the respondents for this study attempts the in-depth analysis of the perceived value on EIL teaching in Indonesia and Thailand. The study pursues a view PSETs as to convey the initial overview and comparison between two countries respecting the EIL practices.  This study focuses on 4 (four) PSETs from state high schools in Indonesia and Thailand. The study presents that while teachers acknowledge the global ownership of English, native-speaker norms still dominate assessment standards and curriculum design. Exposure to different English accents is recognized as beneficial, but challenges such as cultural resistance, resource limitations, and lack of real-life practice hinder effective EIL implementation. The findings suggest that systemic changes are needed in curriculum design, teacher training, and assessment methods to align with EIL principles. Future research should explore the long-term impact of EIL-based pedagogy and policy adaptations in non-English-speaking countries so that the practices can be positively beneficial for the implementation of EFL teaching in the context of non-native English-speaking countries.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

  • Hilarius Raditya Priambada Purba, Universitas Internasional Batam

    English Language Education Study Program, Faculty of Education, Universitas Internasional Batam, Jl. Gajah Mada, Baloi Sei Ladi, Kota Batam, Provinsi Kepulauan Riau, Indonesia 

  • Bal Janatte Raj Kaur, Universitas Internasional Batam

    English Language Education Study Program, Faculty of Education, Universitas Internasional Batam, Jl. Gajah Mada, Baloi Sei Ladi, Kota Batam, Provinsi Kepulauan Riau, Indonesia 

  • Theodesia Lady Pratiwi, Universitas Internasional Batam

    English Language Education Study Program, Faculty of Education, Universitas Internasional Batam, Jl. Gajah Mada, Baloi Sei Ladi, Kota Batam, Provinsi Kepulauan Riau, Indonesia 

  • Filmor J. , Camarines Sur Polytechnic Colleges

    Camarines Sur Polytechnic Colleges, San Miguel, Nabua, 4434 Camarines Sur, Philippines

  • Pandu Prasodjo, Universitas Internasional Batam

    English Language Education Study Program, Faculty of Education, Universitas Internasional Batam, Jl. Gajah Mada, Baloi Sei Ladi, Kota Batam, Provinsi Kepulauan Riau, Indonesia 

References

Bogdan, R. C., & Biklen, S. K. (2007). Qualitative research for education: An introduction to theory and methods (5th ed.). Pearson . www.ablongman.com

Creswell, J. W., & Guetterman, T. C. (2019). Educational research: Planning, conducting, and evaluating quantitative and qualitative research (6th ed.). Pearson .

Crystal, D. (2003). English as a global language (2nd ed.). Cambridge University Press.

Crystal, D. (2019). The Cambridge Encyclopedia of the English Language (3rd ed.). Cambridge University Press.

Fitriati, S. W., & Rata, E. (2020). Language, Globalisation, and National Identity : A Study of English-Medium Policy and Practice in Indonesia. Journal of Language, Identity &Education, 20(6), 411–424. https://doi.org/10.1080/15348458.2020.1777865;PAGE:STRING:ARTICLE/CHAPTER

Galloway, N., & Rose, H. (2018). Incorporating Global Englishes into the ELT classroom. ELT Journal, 72(1), 3–14. https://doi.org/10.1093/elt/ccx010

Hemmy, K., & Balasubramanian, C. (2022). World Englishes, Global Classrooms: The Future of English Literary and Linguistic Studies. In World Englishes, Global Classrooms: The Future of English Literary and Linguistic Studies. Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-4033-0

Ishikawa, T. (2016). World englishes and english as a lingua Franca: Conceptualising the legitimacy of Asian people’s English. Asian Englishes, 18(2), 129–140. https://doi.org/10.1080/13488678.2016.1171672

Jacobs, G. M., & Renandya, W. A. (2019). Student Centered Cooperative Learning: Linking Concepts in Education to Promote Student Learning. Springer. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-7213-1

Jantadej, K. (2021). English as an International Language Teaching and Perceptions: A Case Study of Thai Tertiary English Language Teachers. International Journal of Progressive Education, 17(6), 93–114. https://doi.org/10.29329/ijpe.2021.382.7

Jenkins, J. (2014). English as a Lingua Franca in the international university: The politics of academic English language policy. Routledge.

Jenkins, Jennifer. (2009). World Englishes : A resource book for students (2nd ed.). Routledge.

Kachru, B. B., Kachru, Y., & Nelson, C. L. (2006). The Handbook of World Englishes. Blackwell Publishing Ltd.

Kirkpatrick, A. (2010). The Routledge Handbook of World Englishes. Routledge.

Lawless, B., Rudick, C. K., & Golsan, K. (2019). Distinguishing (the) right from wrong: knowledge, curriculum, and intellectual responsibility. Communication Education, 68(4), 481–495. https://doi.org/10.1080/03634523.2019.1645871

Lee, J. S., & Drajati, N. A. (2019). English as an international language beyond the ELT classroom. ELT Journal, 73(4), 419–427. https://doi.org/10.1093/ELT/CCZ018

Lee, J. S., Lee, K., & Arifah Drajati, N. (2019). Preservice English teachers’ perceptions of English as an international language in Indonesia and Korea. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 40(3), 230–243. https://doi.org/10.1080/01434632.2018.1503669

Lichtman, M. (2023). Qualitative research in education a user’s guide (4th ed.). Routledge.

Pratiwi, T. L., Togatorop, S. A., Putri, A. A., Samuel, S., & Zaki, L. B. (2024). Enhancing English’ speaking skill of students in Tunas Baru High School through ICT- integrated news reporting. Journal of English Language Teaching and Learning (JETLE), 5(2), 205–217. https://doi.org/10.18860/JETLE.V5I2.26461

Purba, H. R. P. (2023). Native-centeredness in The English Language Teaching Materials: A Multimodal Critical Discourse Analysis on Indonesian ELT Textbooks’ Cover. LLT Journal: A Journal on Language and Language Teaching, 26(1), 200–213. https://doi.org/10.24071/llt.v26i1.4647

Purba, H. R. P., & Febria, D. (2025). Incorporating World Englishes (WE) Into Indonesian Higher Education: Pre-Service Teachers’ Perspectives on ELT Pedagogical Implementation. Journal of Languages and Language Teaching, 13(3), 1529–1544. https://scholar.google.com/citations?view_op=view_citation&hl=en&user=v_eHxqkAAAAJ&sortby=pubdate&citation_for_view=v_eHxqkAAAAJ:hqOjcs7Dif8C

Purba, H. R. P., Raihan, M., & Pratiwi, T. L. (2024). English Speaking Activities in Kampung Inggris Pare: Unpacking The EFL Students’ Attitudes. Journal of English Education and Teaching, 8(1).

Purba, H. R. P., Togatorop, S. A., Pratiwi, T. L., Prasodjo, P., & Zaki, L. B. (2025). One Goal, Many Roads: Investigating Individual Differences In L2 Willingness To Communicate Among University Freshmen. JOLLT Journal of Languages and Language Teaching, 13(4), 1713–1727. https://doi.org/10.33394/jollt.v13i4.17081

Raja, P., Flora, Putrawan, G. E., & Razali, A. B. (2022). English as an International Language: Perceptions of EFL Preservice Teachers in Higher Education Institutions in Indonesia. Education Research International, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/3234983

Rautionaho, P., Parviainen, H., Kaunisto, M., & Nurmi, A. (2023). English around the globe; Local and global perspectives on social and regional variation. In P. Rautionaho, H. Parviainen, M. Kaunisto, & A. Nurmi (Eds.), Social and Regional Variation in World Englishes (p. 1). Routledge.

Rose, H. (2021a). Epilogue: Contributions, connexions, and continuations. In Glocalising teaching English as an international language (pp. 215–217). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003090106-16/EPILOGUE-HEATH-ROSE

Rose, H. (2021b). Epilogue: Contributions, connexions, and continuations. In Glocalising teaching English as an international language. Routledge , 215–217. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003090106-16/EPILOGUE-HEATH-ROSE

Sadeghpour, M., & Sharifian, F. (2019). World Englishes in English language teaching. World Englishes, 38(1–2), 245–258. https://doi.org/10.1111/weng.12372

Si, J. (2018). English as a native language , World Englishes and English as a lingua franca-informed materials : acceptance , perceptions and attitudes of Chinese English learners and attitudes of Chinese English learners. Asian Englishes, 21(2), 190–206. https://doi.org/10.1080/13488678.2018.1544700

Subekti, A. S. (2019). Willingness to Communicate in English of Non-English Major University Students in Indonesia. Lingua Cultura, 13(1), 55–66. https://doi.org/10.21512/lc.v13i1.5155

Tan, D., Yough, M., Wang, C., & Wang, C. (2018). International students in higher education: Promoting their willingness to communicate in classrooms. Journal of Applied Research in Higher Education, 10(4), 430–442. https://doi.org/10.1108/JARHE-01-2018-0008

Tan, K. H., Farashaiyan, A., Sahragard, R., & Faryabi, F. (2020). Implications of English as an International Language for Language Pedagogy. International Journal of Higher Education, 9(1), 22–31. https://doi.org/10.5430/ijhe.v9n1p22

Tarrayo, V. N., Ulla, M. B., & Lekwilai, P. (2021). Does Thai English exist? Voices from English language teachers in two Thai universities. Taylor & FrancisVN Tarrayo, MB Ulla, P LekwilaiAsian Englishes, 2021•Taylor & Francis, 23(3), 280–293. https://doi.org/10.1080/13488678.2020.1821299

Tauchid, A., Saleh, M., Hartono, R., & Mujiyanto, J. (2022). English as an international language (EIL) views in Indonesia and Japan: A survey research. Heliyon, 8(10). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10785

Taylor, S. J., Bogdan, R., & DeVault, M. L. (2016). Introduction to qualitative research methods: A guide book and resource (4th ed.). Wiley.

Uchihara, T., Webb, S., Saito, K., & Trofimovich, P. (2022). Frequency of Exposure Influences Accentedness and Comprehensibility in Learners’ Pronunciation of Second Language Words. Language Learning, (1), 1–42. https://doi.org/10.1111/lang.12517

Vodopija-Krstanovic, I., & Marinac, M. (2019). English as an International Language and English Language Teaching: The Theory vs. Practice Divide. Iranian Journal of Language Teaching Research, 7(2), 19–38. https://doi.org/10.30466/IJLTR.2019.120696

Widodo, H. P., Fang, F., & Elyas, T. (2022). Designing English language materials from the perspective of Global Englishes. Asian Englishes, 24(2), 186–198. https://doi.org/10.1080/13488678.2022.2062540

Zhang, X., & Liu, Y. (2024). Perceptions towards English as an International Language: A Study of International Students at a Thai University. Suranaree Journal of Social Science, 18(2). https://doi.org/10.55766/sjss-2-2024-270302

Downloads

Published

2026-03-16

Issue

Section

Articles

How to Cite

Purba, H. R. P., Kaur, B. J. R. ., Pratiwi, T. L. ., Murillo, F. J. ., & Prasodjo, P. P. (2026). Reenvisioning ELT through an English as an International Language’s Lens: Indonesian-Thai Pre-Service English Teachers’ Voices. Journal of Language and Literature Studies, 6(1), 96-111. https://doi.org/10.36312/jolls.v6i1.4582