Penguatan Keterampilan Penelitian Mahasiswa Melalui Pembelajaran Berbasis Riset: Kajian Pustaka Naratif
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36312/rj.v5i2.3427Keywords:
Keterampilan Penelitian, Pembelajaran Berbasis Riset, Keterampilan Abad ke-21Abstract
Abad ke-21 menuntut mahasiswa memiliki keterampilan multidimensi, salah satunya keterampilan penelitian sebagai fondasi berpikir kritis, analitis, reflektif, serta pemecahan masalah berbasis bukti. Namun, kajian yang secara komprehensif mengintegrasikan definisi, urgensi, strategi pembelajaran, dan penilaian keterampilan penelitian dalam satu kerangka naratif masih jarang ditemukan. Tulisan ini mengkaji secara sistematis konsep keterampilan penelitian, urgensinya bagi mahasiswa, serta strategi pembelajaran dan penilaian yang dapat mendukung pengembangannya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kajian pustaka dengan pendekatan naratif. Keterampilan penelitian mencakup kemampuan mengidentifikasi masalah, merumuskan pertanyaan, mengumpulkan dan menganalisis data, mengevaluasi sumber, hingga mengomunikasikan hasil secara ilmiah. Penguatannya dapat dilakukan melalui integrasi kurikulum, penerapan model pembelajaran berbasis riset seperti Research-Based Learning (RBL) dan Research Team-Based Learning (RTBL), serta penggunaan kerangka Research Skills Development (RSD). Penilaian keterampilan penelitian dilakukan secara komprehensif dengan menggabungkan angket keterampilan penelitian dan rubrik penilaian laporan penelitian. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa keterampilan penelitian bukanlah keterampilan opsional, melainkan kompetensi inti yang menentukan daya saing, kesiapan profesional, serta kontribusi mahasiswa sebagai knowledge producer dalam pembangunan berkelanjutan. Artikel ini memberikan kontribusi konseptual dengan menyatukan empat dimensi utama definisi, urgensi, strategi pembelajaran, dan penilaian keterampilan penelitian ke dalam satu kerangka naratif yang komprehensif. Lembaga pendidikan disarankan untuk mengintegrasikan pengembangan keterampilan penelitian secara eksplisit ke dalam kurikulum.
Strengthening Students' Research Skills Through Research-Based Learning: A Narrative Literature Review
The 21st century demands that students possess multidimensional skills, one of which is research skills as a foundation for critical, analytical, and reflective thinking, as well as evidence-based problem-solving. However, studies that comprehensively integrate the definition, urgency, learning strategies, and assessment of research skills within a single narrative framework are still rare. This paper systematically examines the concept of research skills, their importance for students, and the learning and assessment strategies that can support their development. This research uses a literature review method with a narrative approach. Research skills encompass the ability to identify problems, formulate questions, collect and analyze data, evaluate sources, and communicate results scientifically. Strengthening these skills can be achieved through curriculum integration, the implementation of research-based learning models such as Research-Based Learning (RBL) and Research Team-Based Learning (RTBL), and the use of the Research Skills Development (RSD) framework. Research skills are assessed comprehensively by combining a research skills questionnaire and a research report assessment rubric. The study's findings demonstrate that research skills are not optional skills, but rather core competencies that determine students' competitiveness, professional readiness, and contribution as knowledge producers in sustainable development. This article makes a conceptual contribution by bringing together the four main dimensions of definition, urgency, learning strategies, and assessment of research skills into one comprehensive narrative framework. Educational institutions are advised to explicitly integrate research skills development into the curriculum.
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