Cyberloafing Behaviors in Students’ Learning Process: EFL Teachers’ Efforts to Create Productive Learning Environment

Authors

  • Dyah Kusumastuti Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto
  • Purwanto Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto
  • Indra Saputra Universitas Negeri Padang

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.36312/jolls.v4i2.1907

Keywords:

English language teaching; Cyberloafing; Students’ behavior

Abstract

The phenomenon of cyberloafing, where individuals engage in non-work-related online activities during productive hours, has become increasingly prevalent, particularly among students. This study investigates the impact of cyberloafing on students' learning processes, aiming to fill a research gap in understanding its effects on academic performance and classroom dynamics. A quantitative descriptive approach was employed to gather data through a questionnaire completed by 69 students selected via simple random sampling. To complement the quantitative data, qualitative insights were obtained from interviews with five randomly selected students. The survey explored the frequency and nature of cyberloafing activities, variables promoting such behavior, and its impacts. Analysis of the questionnaire data revealed that students engage in cyberloafing more frequently during classroom activities than during informational or leisure activities. Many students perceive cyberloafing as a means to alleviate classroom boredom. Interview findings indicated mixed outcomes: while some students reported reduced tension and boredom, others did not perceive any benefits and even noted a decline in productivity and focus. This study contributes to the existing body of knowledge by highlighting the dual nature of cyberloafing's impact. While it can serve as a coping mechanism to mitigate boredom and stress, it also has the potential to detract from academic performance. Understanding these dynamics can help educators and policymakers develop strategies to manage cyberloafing, promoting a more balanced and productive learning environment.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Adi, N. N. S., Oka, D. N., & Wati, N. M. S. (2021). Dampak Positif dan Negatif Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh di Masa Pandemi COVID-19. Jurnal Imiah Pendidikan Dan Pembelajaran, 5(1), 43. https://doi.org/10.23887/jipp.v5i1.32803

Akgün, F. (2019). Investigation of High School Students’ Cyberloafing Behaviors in Classes. TED E??T?M VE B?L?M. https://doi.org/10.15390/eb.2019.8419

Alyahya, S., & Alqahtani, A. (2022). Cyberloafing in Educational Settings: A Systematic Literature Review. International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies, 16(16), 113–141. https://doi.org/10.3991/ijim.v16i16.32285

Andel, S. A., Kessler, S. R., Pindek, S., Kleinman, G., & Spector, P. E. (2019). Is cyberloafing more complex than we originally thought? Cyberloafing as a coping response to workplace aggression exposure. Computers in Human Behavior, 101, 124–130. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2019.07.013

Askew, K., Buckner, J. E., Taing, M. U., Ilie, A., Bauer, J. A., & Coovert, M. D. (2014). Explaining cyberloafing: The role of the theory of planned behavior. Computers in Human Behavior, 36, 510–519. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2014.04.006

Belanger, F., & Van Slyke, C. (2001). Abuse or learning? Communication of the ACM, 45(1), 64–65.

Blanchard, A., & Henle, C. (2008). Correlates of Different Forms of Cyberloafing: The Role of Norms and External Locus of Control. Computers in Human Behavior, 24(3), 1067–1084.

Carbonell, X., Chamarro, A., Oberst, U., Rodrigo, B., & Prades, M. (2018). Problematic use of the internet and smartphones in university students: 2006–2017. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 15(3). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15030475

Chen, Y., Chen, H., Andrasik, F., & Gu, C. (2021). Perceived stress and cyberloafing among college students: The mediating roles of fatigue and negative coping styles. Sustainability (Switzerland), 13(8). https://doi.org/10.3390/su13084468

Desriana, D., Amsal, A., & Husita, D. (2018). Perbandingan Hasil Belajar Siswa Menggunakan Media Pembelajaran Berbasis Lingkungan Dengan Media Internet Dalam Pembelajaran Asam Basa di MAN Indrapuri. Jurnal IPA & Pembelajaran IPA, 2(1), 50–55. https://doi.org/10.24815/jipi.v2i1.10729

Doorn, V. (2011). Cyberloafing a multi-dimensional construct placed in a theoretical framework Cyberloafing?: A multi-dimensional construct placed in a theoretical framework by BSc Industrial Engineering and Management Science – TU / e ( 2008 ) In partial fulfilment of the. Eindhoven University of Technology.

Fei, Z. (2023). The Impact of Cyberloafing: A Literature Review and Future Prospects. Journal of Education, Humanities and Social Sciences ASSSD, 24, 904–911.

Gökçearslan, ?., Yildiz Durak, H., & Esiyok, E. (2023). Emotion regulation, e-learning readiness, technology usage status, in-class smartphone cyberloafing, and smartphone addiction in the time of COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, 39(5), 1450–1464. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcal.12785

Günay, M., & Çakar, S. (2018). The Effect Of Perceived Organizational Justice On Cyberloafing Behavior. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/331412059

Hendryadi, H., & Mustika, M. (2023). Cyberloafing: A preliminary study from Indonesian workers. Jurnal Manajemen Strategi Dan Aplikasi Bisnis, 6(2), 385–398. https://doi.org/10.36407/jmsab.v6i2.1109

Hu, Y., Chen, Y., & Ye, M. (2023). Eager to belong: Social cyberloafing as a coping response to workplace ostracism. Current Psychology, 42(4), 3372–3381. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-021-01690-y

Jamaluddin, H., Ahmad, Z., & Wei, L. T. (2023). Exploring cyberloafing as a coping mechanism in relation to job-related strain and outcomes: A study using the mediational model of stress. Cogent Social Sciences, 9(2). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2023.2278209

Kim, S. J., & Byrne, S. (2011). Conceptualizing personal web usage in work contexts: A preliminary framework. Computers in Human Behavior, 27(6), 2271–2283. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2011.07.006

Krishna, S. M., & Agrawal, S. (2023). Cyberloafing: Exploring the Role of Psychological Wellbeing and Social Media Learning. Behavioral Sciences, 13(8). https://doi.org/10.3390/bs13080649

Kross, E., Verduyn, P., Demiralp, E., Park, J., Lee, D. S., Lin, N., Shablack, H., Jonides, J., & Ybarra, O. (2013). Facebook Use Predicts Declines in Subjective Well-Being in Young Adults. PLOS ONE, 8(8), e69841. https://doi.org/10.1371/JOURNAL.PONE.0069841

Liberman, B., Seidman, G., McKenna, K. Y. A., & Buffardi, L. E. (2011). Employee job attitudes and organizational characteristics as predictors of cyberloafing. Computers in Human Behavior, 27(6), 2192–2199. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2011.06.015

Lim, V. G. K. (2002). The IT way of loafing on the job: cyberloafing, neutralizing and organizational justice. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 23, 675–694.

Lim, V. K. G., & Teo, T. S. H. (2005). Prevalence, perceived seriousness, justification and regulation of cyberloafing in Singapore: An exploratory study. Information and Management, 42(8), 1081–1093. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.IM.2004.12.002

Lim, V. K. G., & Teo, T. S. H. (2022). Cyberloafing: A review and research agenda. In Applied Psychology (Vol. 73, Issue 1, pp. 441–484). John Wiley and Sons Inc. https://doi.org/10.1111/apps.12452

Margaretha, M., Saragih, S., Mariana, A., & Simatupang, K. M. (2022). Academic procrastination and cyberloafing behavior: A case study of students in Indonesia. Cypriot Journal of Educational Sciences, 17(3), 752–764. https://doi.org/10.18844/cjes.v17i3.6904

Mashal, H. M. (2020). Sustainable Business and Society in Emerging Economies A Review of Cyberloafing Predictors in Literature. Sustainable Business and Society in Emerging Economies, 2(1). www.publishing.globalcsrc.org/sbsee

Metin-Orta, I., & Demirtepe-Sayg?l?, D. (2021). Cyberloafing behaviors among university students: Their relationships with positive and negative affect. Current Psychology, 42(13), 11101–11114. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-021-02374-3

Miheli?, K. K., Lim, V. K. G., & Culiberg, B. (2022). Cyberloafing among Gen Z students: the role of norms, moral disengagement, multitasking self-efficacy, and psychological outcomes. European Journal of Psychology of Education, 38(2), 567–585. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10212-022-00617-w

Mishra, D., & Tageja, N. (2022). Cyberslacking for Coping Stress?? Exploring the Role of Mindfulness as Personal Resource. International Journal of Global Business and Competitiveness, 0123456789. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42943-022-00064-w

Nweke, G. E., Jarrar, Y., & Horoub, I. (2024). Academic stress and cyberloafing among university students: the mediating role of fatigue and self-control. Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, 11(1). https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-024-02930-9

Ozdamli, F., & Ercag, E. (2021). Cyberloafing Among University Students. TEM Journal, 10(1), 421–426. https://doi.org/10.18421/TEM101-53

Ozler, D. E., & Polat, G. (2012). Cyberloafing phenomenon in organizations: determinants and impacts. International Journal of EBusiness and EGovernment Studies, 4(2), 1–15.

Phillips, J. G. , & Reddie, L. (2007). Decisional style and self-reported E-mail use in the workplace. Computers in Human Behavior, 23(5), 2414–2428.

Rosen, L. D., Whaling, K., Rab, S., Carrier, L. M., & Cheever, N. A. (2013). Is Facebook creating “iDisorders”? The link between clinical symptoms of psychiatric disorders and technology use, attitudes and anxiety. Computers in Human Behavior, 29(3), 1243–1254. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.CHB.2012.11.012

Sandhu, R., & Gautam, R. K. (2021). Do It…Now or Never! Procrastination As a Backlog to Employee Productivity. Journal of Positive School Psychology, 2022(3), 5798–5811.

Sugiyono. (2019). Metode Penelitian Pendidikan Pendekatan Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, dan R & D. Metode Penelitian Pendidikan.

Syed, S., Singh, H., Thangaraju, S. K., Bakri, N. E., Hwa, K. Y., & Kusalavan, P. a/l. (2020). The Impact of Cyberloafing on Employees’ Job Performance: A Review of Literature. Journal of Advances in Management Sciences & Information Systems, 6, 16–28. https://doi.org/10.6000/2371-1647.2020.06.02

Tandon, A., Kaur, P., Ruparel, N., Islam, J. U., & Dhir, A. (2022). Cyberloafing and cyberslacking in the workplace: systematic literature review of past achievements and future promises. Internet Research, 32(1), 55–89. https://doi.org/10.1108/INTR-06-2020-0332/FULL/XML

Toker, S., & Baturay, M. H. (2021). Factors affecting cyberloafing in computer laboratory teaching settings. International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 18(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s41239-021-00250-5

Twum, R., Yarkwah, C., & Nkrumah, I. K. (2021a). Utilisation of the Internet for Cyberloafing Activities among University Students. Journal of Digital Educational Technology, 1(1), ep2101. https://doi.org/10.21601/jdet/10912

Twum, R., Yarkwah, C., & Nkrumah, I. K. (2021b). Utilisation of the Internet for Cyberloafing Activities among University Students. Journal of Digital Educational Technology, 1(1), ep2101. https://doi.org/10.21601/jdet/10912

Varol, F., & Yiildirim, E. (2018). An Examination of Cyberloafing Behaviors in Classrooms from Students’ Perspectives. Turkish Online Journal of Qualitative Inquiry, 9(1), 26–46. https://doi.org/10.17569/TOJQI.349800

Vitak, J., Crouse, J., & Larose, R. (2011). Personal Internet use at work: Understanding cyberslacking. Computers in Human Behavior, 27(5), 1751–1759. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.CHB.2011.03.002

Xu, C., Yao, Z., & Xiong, Z. (2023). The Impact of Work-Related Use of Information and Communication Technologies After Hours on Time Theft. Journal of Business Ethics, 187(1), 185–198. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-022-05167-1

Ya?ar, S., & Yurdugül, H. (2013). The Investigation of Relation Between Cyberloafing Activities and Cyberloafing Behaviors in Higher Education. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 83, 600–604. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.06.114

Y?lmaz, R., & Yurdugül, H. (2018). Cyberloafing in IT classrooms: exploring the role of the psycho-social environment in the classroom, attitude to computers and computing courses, motivation and learning strategies. Journal of Computing in Higher Education 2018 30:3, 30(3), 530–552. https://doi.org/10.1007/S12528-018-9184-2

Zhou, B., Li, Y., Tang, Y., & Cao, W. (2021). An Experience-Sampling Study on Academic Stressors and Cyberloafing in College Students: The Moderating Role of Trait Self-Control. Frontiers in Psychology, 12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.514252

Z?NC?R, S., SAPMAZ, F., HAMUTO?LU, N. B., & TOPAL, M. (2023). The relationship between digital game addiction, cyberloafing, and psychological well-being in primary school students. Anatolian Current Medical Journal, 5(4), 511–517. https://doi.org/10.38053/acmj.1361982

Zonyfar, C., Sihabudin, S., & Khusaeri, A. (2019). Peningkatan Kemampuan Siswa dalam Memanfaatkan Sumber Belajar di Internet Melalui Sosialisasi Edukasi Internet Cerdas, Sehat, dan Aman. Jurnal Pengabdian Tri Bhakti, 1(1), 17–20. https://doi.org/10.36555/tribhakti.v1i1.1349

Downloads

Published

2024-06-20

How to Cite

Dyah Kusumastuti, Purwanto, & Saputra, I. (2024). Cyberloafing Behaviors in Students’ Learning Process: EFL Teachers’ Efforts to Create Productive Learning Environment. Journal of Language and Literature Studies, 4(2), 313–329. https://doi.org/10.36312/jolls.v4i2.1907

Issue

Section

Articles

Similar Articles

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 > >> 

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.