Efektivitas Platform E-Learning dalam Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Siswa SMK : Systematic Literature Review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36312/v7ffge40Keywords:
e-learning, Pendidikan Vokasional, hasil belajar, pembelajaran digital, efektivitas pembelajaranAbstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis efektivitas platform e-learning dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa SMK melalui tinjauan pustaka sistematis. Permasalahan utama yang dibahas berkaitan dengan ketidakkonsistenan kualitas implementasi e-learning di lingkungan pendidikan vokasi, yang dipengaruhi oleh kesiapan guru, keragaman platform yang digunakan, keterbatasan sumber daya, dan karakteristik pembelajaran praktis yang khas untuk sekolah menengah kejuruan. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan tinjauan pustaka sistematis (SLR) dengan pendekatan PRISMA, yang mencakup fase identifikasi, penyaringan, penilaian kelayakan, dan inklusi artikel yang diterbitkan antara tahun 2014 dan 2024. Dari 15 artikel yang berhasil dianalisis, hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa e-learning secara konsisten berkontribusi positif terhadap peningkatan hasil belajar dalam domain kognitif, afektif, dan psikomotorik. Berbagai platform seperti Moodle, Schoology, Edmodo, Google Classroom, e-modul, dan e-book telah terbukti efektif dalam memperkuat pemahaman konseptual, meningkatkan motivasi, menumbuhkan kemandirian, dan meningkatkan keterlibatan siswa dalam proses pembelajaran. Beberapa studi melaporkan peningkatan skor pasca-tes yang signifikan, sementara meta-analisis menghasilkan ukuran efek sebesar 0,703, yang menunjukkan efek positif sedang. Secara keseluruhan, studi ini menegaskan bahwa keberhasilan pembelajaran daring tidak hanya bergantung pada teknologi yang digunakan, tetapi juga sangat bergantung pada kualitas desain pembelajaran dan peran instruktur dalam memanfaatkan peluang digital untuk menciptakan pembelajaran profesional yang fleksibel dan bermakna.
The Effectiveness of E-Learning Platforms in Improving Vocational High School Students’ Learning Outcomes: A Systematic Literature Review
This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of e-learning platforms in improving vocational high school students' learning outcomes through a systematic literature review. The main issues discussed relate to the inconsistency in the quality of e-learning implementation in vocational education environments, which is influenced by teacher readiness, the diversity of platforms used, resource limitations, and the characteristics of practical learning typical of vocational high schools. This research method uses a systematic literature review (SLR) with the PRISMA approach, which includes the phases of identification, screening, eligibility assessment, and inclusion of articles published between 2014 and 2024. Of the 15 articles analyzed, the results show that e-learning consistently improves learning outcomes across the cognitive, affective, and psychomotor domains. Various platforms such as Moodle, Schoology, Edmodo, Google Classroom, e-modules, and e-books have been proven effective in strengthening conceptual understanding, increasing motivation, fostering independence, and increasing student engagement in the learning process. Several studies reported significant increases in post-test scores, while a meta-analysis produced an effect size of 0.703, indicating a moderate positive effect. Overall, this study confirms that the success of online learning depends not only on the technology used, but also heavily on the quality of the learning design and the instructor's role in leveraging digital opportunities to create flexible and meaningful professional learning.
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