Student Sport Culture in Urban and Rural Schools: A Comparative Study in Papua
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36312/dpe.v4i1.2455Keywords:
sport culture, urban-rural disparities, physical education, student participation, culturally relevant curriculumAbstract
This study aims to examine differences in student sport culture between urban and rural schools in Papua, focusing on cultural perceptions of the body, participation rates, and physical education curriculum implementation. A quantitative survey method was employed, involving 100 students, with 50 from urban schools and 50 from rural schools. Data were analyzed using t-tests and multiple linear regression. The results show that urban students and teachers had more positive perceptions of physical education, with mean scores of 4.2 and 4.5, compared to 3.5 and 3.8 in rural schools (t = 5.67, p < 0.001). Daily participation rates were higher among urban students (40%) compared to rural students (20%). Urban students were primarily motivated by health benefits (50%), while rural students were motivated by recreational and social aspects (40%). Recommendations include developing culturally relevant curricula, improving rural school infrastructure, providing teacher training, fostering community involvement, and integrating technology to enhance access and participation.
References
Adams, M., & Rodriguez, S. (2019). Moving toward: Using a social justice curriculum to impact teacher candidates. Journal for Multicultural Education, 13(4), 320-337. https://doi.org/10.1108/jme-06-2019-0046
Anindhita, T. A., Zielinski, S., Milanes, C. B., & Ahn, Y. (2024). The protection of natural and cultural landscapes through community-based tourism: The case of the Indigenous Kamoro Tribe in West Papua, Indonesia. Land, 13(8), 1237. https://doi.org/10.3390/land13081237
Andriana, E., Kiling, I., & Evans, D. (2022). Inclusive education for Indigenous students in the Indonesian context. International Journal of Inclusive Education, 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1080/13603116.2022.2044010
Basuki, S. (2022). The role of the physical education supervisor in the development of healthy culture living for elementary school students. Educational Sciences: Theory & Practice, 22(2), 179–193. https://doi.org/10.12738/jestp.2022.2.010
Bertrand, J. (2014). Autonomy and stability: The perils of implementation and "divide-and-rule" tactics in Papua, Indonesia. Nationalism and Ethnic Politics, 20(2), 174–199. https://doi.org/10.1080/13537113.2014.909156
Boissière, M., Locatelli, B., Sheil, D., Padmanaba, M., & Sadjudin, E. (2013). Local perceptions of climate variability and change in tropical forests of Papua, Indonesia. Ecology and Society, 18(4), Article 13. https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-05822-180413
Chaeroni, A., Pranoto, N., Tohidin, D., Gusril, G., & Sepriadi, S. (2023). Promotion of physical activity programs outside school hours to support the great design of Indonesian national sports. International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences, 11(1), 193-200. https://doi.org/10.13189/saj.2023.110123
Cleland, V., Södergren, M., Otáhal, P., Timperio, A., Ball, K., Crawford, D., … & McNaughton, S. (2015). Associations between the perceived environment and physical activity among adults aged 55–65 years: Does urban-rural area of residence matter? Journal of Aging and Physical Activity, 23(1), 55-63. https://doi.org/10.1123/japa.2012-0271
Crouch, E. (2023). Rural–urban differences in overweight and obesity, physical activity, and food security among children and adolescents. Preventing Chronic Disease, 20. https://doi.org/10.5888/pcd20.230136
Dabamona, S. A., Cater, C., Cave, J., & Low, T. (2021). Cultural identity through an educational school trip: Voices of native Papuan students. Tourism Management Perspectives, 38, 100807. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2021.100807
Davis, J., Macintyre, A., Odagiri, M., Suriastini, W., Cordova, A., Huggett, C., Agius, P. A., Budiyani, A. E., Quillet, C., & Cronin, A. A. (2018). Menstrual hygiene management and school absenteeism among adolescent students in Indonesia: Evidence from a cross-sectional school-based survey. Tropical Medicine & International Health, 23(12), 1350–1363. https://doi.org/10.1111/tmi.13159
Dudonien?, V., Šakalien?, R., Švedien?, L., & Petrauskien?, I. (2018). Differences of age and gender related posture in urban and rural schoolchildren aged 7 to 10. Baltic Journal of Sport and Health Sciences, 1(88). https://doi.org/10.33607/bjshs.v1i88.142
Fiharsono, A. (2021). Culturally-based learning needs of Indigenous students in Indonesian Papua (Unpublished doctoral thesis). University of the Sunshine Coast. Retrieved from https://research.usc.edu.au/esploro/outputs/doctoral/99578908702621
Fiharsono, A., Carey, M., Hyde, M., Beazley, H., & Yektiningtyas-Modouw, W. (2024). Culturally based learning needs of Korowai students in a lowland-remote area of Indonesian Papua: School physical environment and building design. The Australian Educational Researcher, 51(2), 611–629. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13384-023-00615-x
Fitrah, M. (2018). Metodologi penelitian: Penelitian kualitatif, tindakan kelas & studi kasus. CV Jejak (Jejak Publisher).
Hakam, K. A. (2018). Tradition of value education implementation in Indonesian primary schools. Journal of Social Studies Education Research, 9(4), 295–318. https://jsser.org/index.php/jsser/article/view/357
Hanandita, W., & Tampubolon, G. (2016). Geography and social distribution of malaria in Indonesian Papua: A cross-sectional study. International Journal of Health Geographics, 15(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12942-016-0043-y
Hasan, A. B. P., & Suwarni, E. (2012). Policies and practices for promoting multicultural awareness of indigenous early childhood education in Indonesia. International Journal of Child Care and Education Policy, 6(1), 63–94. https://doi.org/10.1007/2288-6729-6-1-63
Irab, S. P., Flassy, M., Zainuri, A., Sinaga, E., Hidayat, R. R., Wandik, Y., & Prima Putra, M. F. (2024). Determinants of nutritional status, students’ learning achievement and physical activity: A cross-sectional study in Jayapura City, Papua, Indonesia. Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación, 58. https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=9668977
Irmansyah, J., Lumintuarso, R., Sugiyanto, F. X., & Sukoco, P. (2020). Children’s social skills through traditional sport games in primary schools. Cakrawala Pendidikan, 39(1), 39–53. https://doi.org/10.21831/cp.v39i1.28210
Irmansyah, J., Susanto, E., Lumintuarso, R., Sugiyanto, F. X., Syarif, A., & Hermansyah. (2021). Physical literacy in the culture of physical education in elementary schools: Indonesian perspectives. International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences, 9(5), 929–939. https://doi.org/10.13189/saj.2021.090514
Jess, M., McEvilly, N., & Carse, N. (2016). Moving primary physical education forward: Start at the beginning. Education 3-13, 45(5), 645-657. https://doi.org/10.1080/03004279.2016.1155072
Kogoya, K., Hijjang, P., Kadir, A., Guntoro, T. S., Amali, Z., Silo, A., Ita, S., Flassy, M., Sokoy, F., & Numberi, G. (2024). The role of sports in forming nationalism: A study on the most significant sports event in Indonesia. SPORT TK-Revista EuroAmericana de Ciencias Del Deporte, 13, 37. https://doi.org/10.6018/sportk.568991
Moya, E., & Cara, M. (2021). Active methodologies in physical education: Perception and opinion of students on the pedagogical model used by their teachers. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(4), 1438. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18041438
Najib, A. A., & Indarja, I. (2023). Special autonomy dilemma in the 1945 constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. Syiah Kuala Law Journal, 7(1). https://doi.org/10.24815/sklj.v7i1.28611
Orhan, Ö. (2015). The relationship between physical activity level, body mass index, and body fat percentage in urban and rural elementary school students. Educational Research and Reviews, 10(1), 69-74. https://doi.org/10.5897/err2014.1916
Owen, S., Palekahelu, D., Sumakul, D., & Sediyono, E. (2020). Integrating online learning in schools: Issues and ways forward for developing countries. Journal of Information Technology Education Research, 19, 571-614. https://doi.org/10.28945/4625
Pate, R., Saunders, R., Ross, S., & Dowda, M. (2022). Patterns of age-related change in physical activity during the transition from elementary to high school. Preventive Medicine Reports, 26, 101712. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmedr.2022.101712
Rahmansyah, F., Budiana, D., & Stephani, M. (2020). The comparison of physical activity profiles of elementary school students in urban and rural areas during Covid-19 pandemic. Tegar Journal of Teaching Physical Education in Elementary School, 4(1). https://doi.org/10.17509/tegar.v4i1.28323
Ramberan, K., Austin, M., & Nichols, S. (2006). Ethnicity, body image perception and weight-related behaviour among adolescent females attending secondary school in Trinidad. West Indian Medical Journal, 55(6), 388. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0043-31442006000600004
Robinson, D., Barrett, J., & Robinson, I. (2016). Culturally relevant physical education: Educative conversations with Mi’kmaw elders and community leaders. In Education, 22(1), 2-21. https://doi.org/10.37119/ojs2016.v22i1.260
Sandercock, G., Angus, C., & Barton, J. (2010). Physical activity levels of children living in different built environments. Preventive Medicine, 50(4), 193–198. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2010.01.005
Sari, Y. I., & Rahman, E. (2021). Roads for communities, not commodities: A qualitative study of the consequences of road development in Papua, Indonesia. Human Ecology Review, 27(1), 139–161. https://doi.org/10.22459/HER.27.01.2021.08
Sovacool, B. K., & Ryan, S. E. (2016). The geography of energy and education: Leaders, laggards, and lessons for achieving primary and secondary school electrification. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 58, 107–123. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2015.12.223
Sulelino, R., Chen, Y., & Henning, M. (2021). Exploring Papuan medical students’ learning experiences whilst studying in Indonesia. The Australian Journal of Indigenous Education, 50(2), 368–376. https://doi.org/10.1017/jie.2020.30
Tian, Y., Liu, L., Wang, X., Zhang, X., Zhai, Y., Wang, K., … & Li, J. (2021). Urban-rural differences in physical fitness and out-of-school physical activity for primary school students: A county-level comparison in Western China. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(20), 10813. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182010813
Vanra, D. (2023). Assessing physical activity, perceived stress, and sleep quality in urban and rural higher secondary school students: A comparative study. International Journal of Health Sciences and Research, 13(7), 78-83. https://doi.org/10.52403/ijhsr.20230713
Vrevic, E. (2023). Differences in nutritional status and level of physical activity among adolescents living in urban and rural areas of Montenegro - National study. Research Square. https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-3372993/v1
Wahyudin, D., Sumule, A., & Suwirta, A. (2021). Alternatives of genuine basic education program in Papua provinces, Indonesia. TAWARIKH: Journal of Historical Studies, 12(2), 219–240. https://doi.org/10.2121/tawarikh.v12i2.1439
Yanko, W. (2022). Politik rakat: Regional politics of the marginalised Indonesian domestic migrants. Inter-Asia Cultural Studies, 23(3), 384–406. https://doi.org/10.1080/14649373.2022.2108205
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Thadius Yambedoan, Bernadeta Suhartini, Carolus Wasa, Sujarwo Sujarwo
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
