Krisis Makna Belajar Generasi Z di SMK: Sebuah Tinjauan Sistematis Filsafat Pendidikan

Abstract

 Perkembangan budaya digital mengubah pola pikir, perilaku, dan cara belajar Generasi Z, termasuk siswa Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan (SMK). Perubahan ini memunculkan krisis makna belajar, yaitu kondisi ketika siswa tidak mampu menghubungkan proses pembelajaran dengan nilai personal atau tujuan karier. Penelitian ini menganalisis faktor-faktor yang melatarbelakangi krisis tersebut melalui Systematic Literature Review (SLR) menggunakan protokol PRISMA 2020 terhadap 72 artikel terindeks internasional terbit pada 2012–2024. Analisis memetakan temuan tentang perilaku belajar generasi digital, relevansi pendidikan vokasi, pergeseran nilai vokasional, serta tekanan budaya digital terhadap proses pemaknaan belajar. Hasil kajian mengidentifikasi lima tema utama: perubahan perilaku belajar akibat paparan digital, hilangnya makna belajar dalam konteks vokasi, melemahnya identitas vokasional, tekanan psikologis budaya digital, dan relevansi filsafat pendidikan khususnya eksistensialisme, humanisme, dan pragmatisme dalam memahami fenomena tersebut. Penelitian ini menegaskan perlunya reorientasi pedagogis dalam pendidikan vokasi menuju pendekatan yang lebih reflektif, humanistik, dan berbasis pengalaman agar Generasi Z dapat membangun kembali makna belajar secara lebih utuh.

The Learning Meaning Crisis Among Generation Z in Vocational High Schools: A Systematic Review from the Perspective of Philosophy of Education

 The rapid expansion of digital culture has reshaped the thinking patterns, behaviors, and learning styles of Generation Z, including students in vocational high schools. These changes have led to a learning-meaning crisis, in which students struggle to connect the learning process with personal values or future career goals. This study analyzes the underlying factors of this crisis using a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) guided by the PRISMA 2020 protocol, based on 72 internationally indexed articles published between 2012 and 2024. The analysis maps empirical findings related to digital learning behaviors, the relevance of vocational education, shifts in vocational values, and the influence of digital culture on students’ meaning-making processes. Five key themes were identified: changes in learning behavior driven by digital exposure, the diminishing sense of meaning in vocational learning, the weakening of vocational identity, psychological pressures within digital culture, and the relevance of educational philosophies particularly existentialism, humanism, and pragmatism in explaining these phenomena. The study concludes that vocational education requires a pedagogical reorientation toward more reflective, humanistic, and experience-based approaches to help Generation Z reconstruct a more meaningful learning experience..