Model-Model Implementasi Link and Match Antara Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan dan Dunia Industri : Systematic Literature Review

Abstract

Abstrak

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh kesenjangan kompetensi antara lulusan Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan (SMK) dan kebutuhan Dunia Usaha dan Dunia Industri (DUDI), yang tercermin pada tingginya tingkat pengangguran lulusan serta rendahnya relevansi keterampilan terhadap tuntutan pasar kerja. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi dan menganalisis model implementasi kebijakan Link and Match di SMK sebagai strategi penyelarasan standar kompetensi lulusan dengan kebutuhan DUDI. Metode yang digunakan adalah Systematic Literature Review (SLR) terhadap 15 studi relevan yang dipublikasikan dalam jurnal nasional. Tahapan SLR meliputi perumusan pertanyaan penelitian, penetapan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi, ekstraksi data, serta sintesis temuan. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi Link and Match dilakukan melalui berbagai model, seperti Competency Based Training (CBT), Teaching Factory (TeFa), Kelas Industri, kemitraan IDUKA, serta konsep 8+i pada SMK Pusat Keunggulan. Secara umum, model-model tersebut efektif meningkatkan kompetensi teknis, kesiapan kerja, keterserapan lulusan, dan kesesuaian kurikulum dengan standar industri. Keberhasilan implementasi dipengaruhi oleh manajemen program yang sistematis, dukungan mitra industri, kualitas pelatihan guru, serta evaluasi berkelanjutan berbasis model CIPP. Secara teoretis, kajian ini menambah pemahaman konseptual mengenai model kolaborasi SMK–DUDI dalam konteks pendidikan vokasi di Indonesia.

Models of Link and Match Implementation Between Vocational High Schools and the Industrial World: A Systematic Literature Review

This research is motivated by the competency gap between Vocational High School (SMK) graduates and the needs of the Business and Industry World (DUDI), which is reflected in the high unemployment rate of graduates and the low relevance of skills to job market demands. This study aims to identify and analyze the implementation model of the Link and Match policy in SMK as a strategy to align graduate competency standards with DUDI needs. The method used is a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) of 15 relevant studies published in national journals. The SLR stages include formulating research questions, determining inclusion and exclusion criteria, data extraction, and synthesizing findings. The results of the study indicate that the implementation of Link and Match is carried out through various models, including Competency-Based Training (CBT), Teaching Factory (TeFa), Industrial Classes, IDUKA partnerships, and the 8+i concept at SMK Centers of Excellence. In general, these models are effective in improving technical competency, work readiness, graduate absorption, and curriculum alignment with industry standards. The success of implementation is influenced by systematic program management, support from industry partners, the quality of teacher training, and continuous evaluation based on the CIPP model. Theoretically, this study adds to the conceptual understanding of the SMK–DUDI collaboration model in the context of vocational education in Indonesia.